Tornadoes and wind erosion are very similar, Erosions slowly loosen small rocks and debris, tornadoes do just that but in a much much more powerful and destructive way
isn't it crazy how in the paleozoic era plants didn't even have leaves and now we have billion dollar industries that rely on trees, ( those same plants but just after millions of years of evolution)
When convergent boundaries form they can cause the edges of one or both tectonic plates to buckle up into mountain ranges and the western cordillera is a great example of this. The mountains in the western cordillera are all different shapes and sizes because of how the plates move
Earthquakes and divergent plate boundaries are connected because when divergent boundaries move apart from each other they can create deadly earthquakes
During the paleozoic era the world experienced one of the last ice ages and this drastically shaped our world. For example ice breaks rocks and the ice melting and freezing could have broken apart parts of huge continents we live on today
Forest fires and trees are linked because when huge forest fires happen they can destroy hundreds and thousands acres of land. This can have a negative impact on wood production and forestry
There once was a super content named pangea, during the end of mesozoic era it broke apart. Scientists were able to discover this is what had happened by looking at the formation of rocks especially sedimentary rocks which contained most of the fossils from that time
Igneous rock is formed when magma cools when a volcano erupts it releases magma, the magma explodes in pisces all over the place- the magma cools and igneous rock is left behind

Natural Systems

Plate Tectonics

Divergent

A divergent boundary occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other

A divergent boundary occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other

Earthquakes are common along the boundaries

Earthquakes are common along the boundaries

Mid-ocean ridges occur along the boundaries, a new ocean floor is created as the Earth’s tectonic plates spread apart

Mid-ocean ridges occur along the boundaries, a new ocean floor is created as the Earth’s tectonic plates spread apart

Transform

Two plates sliding past each other horizontally creates a transform plate boundary

Two plates sliding past each other horizontally creates a transform plate boundary

Crust is cracked and broken at transform boundaries, unlike convergent and divergent boundaries it does not create or destroy the earth's surface

A well known transform plate boundary is the San Andreas Fault, which is responsible for many of California’s earthquakes

A well known transform plate boundary is the San Andreas Fault, which is responsible for many of California’s earthquakes

Convergent

When two plates come together, it is known as a convergent boundary

When two plates come together, it is known as a convergent boundary

Colliding plates can cause the edges of one or both plates to buckle up into mountain ranges

Colliding plates can cause the edges of one or both plates to buckle up into mountain ranges

At convergent plate boundaries, oceanic crust is often forced down into the mantle where it begins to melt

Regions & Resorces

Western Cordillera

Comprised mainly of mountains separated by plateaus and valleys

Comprised mainly of mountains separated by plateaus and valleys

The area is lightly populated most people live in urban areas as well as farming or mining towns

Popular tourist destinations include Banff and Jasper National Park and Vancouver

Popular tourist destinations include Banff and Jasper National Park and Vancouver

Minerals

We use minerals to build skyscrapers, cars, electronic devices and fossil fuels to power our day to day lives

We use minerals to build skyscrapers, cars, electronic devices and fossil fuels to power our day to day lives

Minerals are non–renewable natural resources and Sustainable mineral development is used to ensure mineral use is kept to a minimum amount without having a negative impact on economic growth

Ontario, Quebec, British Columbia, and Saskatchewan, accounted for over three-quarters of Canada's total value of mineral pro

Ontario, Quebec, British Columbia, and Saskatchewan, accounted for over three-quarters of Canada's total value of mineral production in 2019

Trees

Provide wood for construction, furniture, paper and building homes

Provide wood for construction, furniture, paper and building homes

Forestry is the industry that uses trees- Forestry is the science managing, using, and repairing forests

Forestry is the industry that uses trees- Forestry is the science managing, using, and repairing forests

Trees remove pollution from the atmosphere, So it is very important that we are able to replenish the earth's forests

Forces

Volcanoes

A volcanic eruption is one of the most powerful forces on Earth

A volcanic eruption is one of the most powerful forces on Earth

Earth’s mountains are entirely or almost entirely the result of volcanic activity. These include volcanic islands like the Ha

Earth’s mountains are entirely or almost entirely the result of volcanic activity. These include volcanic islands like the Hawai’ian hotspot volcanoes

Some diffrent kinds of volcanoes are composite, shield, cinder cones and lava domes

Some diffrent kinds of volcanoes are composite, shield, cinder cones and lava domes

Wind

Wind erosion is referred to as eolian erosion

Erosion is defined as the set of natural processes that loosen and transport weathered or unweathered solid material

Erosion is defined as the set of natural processes that loosen and transport weathered or unweathered solid material

An example is when Wind carries small pieces of rock away from the side of a mountain

An example is when Wind carries small pieces of rock away from the side of a mountain

Ice

Frozen water (ice) expands and breaks rocks apart

Frozen water (ice) expands and breaks rocks apart

A glacier's weight, combined with its gradual movement, can drastically reshape the landscape over hundreds or even thousands

A glacier's weight, combined with its gradual movement, can drastically reshape the landscape over hundreds or even thousands of years

Glacier National Park is an example of this, it has mountains that began forming from ice erosion over 130 million years ago

Glacier National Park is an example of this, it has mountains that began forming from ice erosion over 130 million years ago

Rock Cycle

Sedimentary

Sedimentary rocks form near the earth's surface at relatively low temperatures and with pressure from things like erosion by water, ice or wind

Examples of the rock are sandstone, limestone, and shale

Examples of the rock are sandstone, limestone, and shale

Sedimentary rock often contains fossils of plants and animals millions of years old

Sedimentary rock often contains fossils of plants and animals millions of years old

Igneous

Igneous rock is formed when magma cools and makes crystals

Igneous rock is formed when magma cools and makes crystals

About 95% part of earth’s crust is made up of igneous rock

Examples of the rock are granite, basalt,and obsidian

Examples of the rock are granite, basalt,and obsidian

Metamorphic

Metamorphic Rock is formed when rocky material experiences intense heat and pressure in the crust of the earth

Metamorphic Rock is formed when rocky material experiences intense heat and pressure in the crust of the earth

Through the metamorphic process, both igneous rocks and sedimentary rocks can change into metamorphic rocks

Examples of the rock are gneiss, marble, and schist

Examples of the rock are gneiss, marble, and schist

Eras

Mesozoic

The Mesozoic era began 248 million years ago and ended 65 million years ago

It is known as the age of the dinosaurs because dinosaurs were so widespread and dominant, nothing was overtaking them

It is known as the age of the dinosaurs because dinosaurs were so widespread and dominant, nothing was overtaking them

In the Mesozoic era, all of the world’s continents were joined together, known as the supercontinent Pangaea. It completely

In the Mesozoic era, all of the world’s continents were joined together, known as the supercontinent Pangaea. It completely broke apart at the end of the Mesozoic era

Paleozoic

Spanned from about 544 million years ago to 245 million years ago

The 45 million year Ordovician Period is marked in the fossil record for having massive amounts of marine invertebrates. One

The 45 million year Ordovician Period is marked in the fossil record for having massive amounts of marine invertebrates. One of the most well known was the trilobite

In the Silurian Period plants started evolving, but they most likely did not have leaves or vascular tissue that allows them

In the Silurian Period plants started evolving, but they most likely did not have leaves or vascular tissue that allows them to absorb water and nutrients

Cenozoic

The Cenozoic Era is the last major division in time, beginning 65.5 million years ago and continuing until today

It is referred to as the Age of Mammals because many mammals began to rule the earth following the extinction of dinosaurs

Early mammals in the Cenozoic Era were quite large, beavers were as long as 7 feet

Early mammals in the Cenozoic Era were quite large, beavers were as long as 7 feet

Natural Disasters

Tornados

Tornadoes are spinning columns of high winds spiralling around a centre of low atmospheric pressure

Tornadoes are spinning columns of high winds spiralling around a centre of low atmospheric pressure

The deadliest tornado ever recorded was in Bangladesh in 1989, more than 20 villages were destroyed and around 1,300 people w

The deadliest tornado ever recorded was in Bangladesh in 1989, more than 20 villages were destroyed and around 1,300 people were killed

Tornadoes form when warm, humid air collides with cold, dry air. The warm air rises through the colder air, causing an updraft and When it touches the ground, it becomes a tornado

Forest Fires

Are large uncontrolled infernos that are not limited to a particular continent or environment

Are large uncontrolled infernos that are not limited to a particular continent or environment

Help keep ecosystems healthy and can kill insects and diseases that harm trees

Wildfires that burn near communities can become dangerous and even deadly if they grow out of control. For example, in 2018 w

Wildfires that burn near communities can become dangerous and even deadly if they grow out of control. For example, in 2018 when a Camp Fire in Butte County, California almost destroyed the entire town, 86 people died

Earthquakes

The clash of 2 tectonic plates can cause violent earthquakes, they are more common in some parts of the world like California, because the state sits on top of the meeting point or fault of two plates

Other natural disasters can be caused by earthquakes and these can be equally, and sometimes more, destructive like landslide

Other natural disasters can be caused by earthquakes and these can be equally, and sometimes more, destructive like landslides and avalanches

Generally before and after a large earthquake there will be smaller earthquakes

Generally before and after a large earthquake there will be smaller earthquakes