Technology In Education

Motivational and Practical Readings/Videos

Computational Thinking, Wing

Human Capabilities vs. Computer Capabilities

What is computable?

Skill not just for computer scientists, can be implemented in many if not all subjects.

"...involves solving problems, designing systems, and understanding human behavior by drawing on the concepts fundamental to computer science."

Thinking at multiple levels of abstraction

Computational Literacy and The Big Picture

Using computers to facilitate learning of concepts, mathematical and otherwise

MMVSSs:
Memes
Movements
Values
Sensibilities
Sensitivities

Toy model of social change, elements of society that are influenced by computational literacy and similar social changes

4 R's to focus on for "literacy-relevant agenda:
Re-mediation - new possibilities
Reformulation - formulate with tech
Reorganizing - intellectual terrain in education
Revitalizing - better learning activities

Integrated Mathematics and Computer Studies

Power of computational modelling

Bringing math concepts to life

Helps reference the community of mathematicians

Incorporates project-based learning

Visual representation of data as often as needed

Computational Thinking - A Competency Whose Time Has Come

Discusses the relevance of AI, and computation in general, in this day and age.

Lists "Concepts and Practices" of CT

Logic & logical thinking
Algorithms & algorithmic thinking
Patterns & pattern recognition
Abstraction & generalization
Automation
Problem decomposition
Creating computational artifacts
Testing & debugging
Iterative refinement
Collaboration & creativity

Programming is not the only way to foster CT - includes examples of practicing concepts of CT with non-programming activities

Includes examples of the use of CT in other subjects

Computational Thinking in High School Science Classrooms

Comparison between mathematical and computational thinking, and examples of how they are both used in all subjects

Mathematical/computational thinking is developed when you approach a problem with math/computational techniques in mind

A goal for CT is to think of how computation can assist with a particular problem

Highlights the applicability of simulations in education

Starlogo
TNG simulation software (biology)

Highlights the importance of data mining, data collection, and data analysis

Components of Arduino Uno/
Programming a Simple Application with Arduino Simulator/
Controlling an LED with a Button on the Arduino Simulator

USB, Power Socket, Pins, LEDs, Microcontroller, etc...

Breadboard components

Explanation of Tinkercad

Example of simple Arduino code

Computational Participation

Concept of literacy should be extended to include programming

Discuss examples of training for computational thinking without the use of computers

Discusses a shift of focus from computational thinking to computational participation

Since programming is such an integral part of our society, we can train computational thinking by going straight to the top - by teaching students to program.

Culturally Responsive/Relevant Pedagogy and Instruction in the Classroom

Culturally relevant pedagogy addresses the cultures of people in the classroom as well as voices of those who are not represented in the classroom

Culturally responsive pedagogy addresses cultural ways of learning and progressing

Is a subset of differentiated instruction tailored to be culturally responsive

Social Justice in the Classroom
Use relevant topics to the locality of the class.

No reenactments/debates that could lead to questioning peoples humanity

Anti-biased education
Discuss differences between people explicitly

Promotes humanity, self-awareness, and ally-ship

Whiteness
Nuanced, leveraging my privilege

Culturally Responsive Making

Using the skills of Indigenous girls to educate and inspire them to get involved in programming.

Used LilyPad Arduinoto make interactive "E-textiles", like smart clothes

Studies showed that this boosted female-indigenous interest in programming because it was less tedious

Exploring the Power of Growing patterns

Discuss ways to tie growing patterns to a function of the entry number using computation or assistive programs

Difficult for students to see beyond the simplicity of adding to get from entry 'n' to entry 'n+1'

"Research has demonstrated that even very young students can develop an understanding of functions"

Teachers should "make explicit the connection between the position number and the number of tiles" and design inquiring/problem solving questions

Mathematical Crafts for Children:
Beyond Scissors and Glue

Go beyond "recipes" when having students design mathematical artifacts.

Hyper Gami - tool for exploring 3D shapes
Popup Workshop - tool for virtual popup construction

Fabrication devices as tools for construction are more affordable these days (laser cutters, CNC machines, etc..)

Programs and Tools

Boxer

Tick Model:
Discretised time and actions

Derivative becomes equivalent to difference between moments

Applied to constant and non-constant acceleration problems

Scratch

Geometry:

repeat 4
pen down
turn 90
pen up

Modeling Functions:

set x=200
repeat 400
y=axx
if y in (-180, 180)
go to x, y
stamp
change x by 1

Other fun functions for aesthetics:
Colour change
"Say" text

Include voice recordings into programs for oral assessments in any subject

Use loops and build your own functions to train computational thinking/programming skills

Here is a very simple drawing program I came up with that features some of the main tools of scratch
https://scratch.mit.edu/projects/432482965/editor/
Use arrow keys and WASD to draw

Turtle Geometry

Great as an artistic outlet for math learning. Use algorithms to design shapes and spirals

Artistic outlet and motivation for math

Gives students immediate feedback so that they can correct their understanding of coordinates and geometry

Makey Makey

Students learn how grounding circuits works

Opportunities to use this software to learn many computer and electronics related concepts (Computer Literacy)

Some Activities to try:
Interactive posters
Draw your own musical instruments
Build your own controllers

Python

Packages for any task:
Numpy - vector and matrix manipulation
Matplotlib - various plotting and graphingv functionality
Turtle - see below
Pygame - Build video games
Etc...

Jupyter notebooks are useful for implementing interactivity into python code (worksheet style)

Fully legitimate and capable programming language

Micro:bit

Gives students experience in circuits and programming

Gives students experience with and control over relevant technologies:
Accelerometer
Light sensor
Buttons
LED display
Radio signals
Compass

Website includes a simulator to test code

Difficult to find consistent documentation

Here is a micro:bit program that I made:

https://makecode.microbit.org/_W2sFvh0dwczL

Use a and b to change the values, hit a+b to set the values, and shake to move into explore mode, where tilting moves along the data. Note you must set at least 5 values before moving into explore mode.

Arduino

Tinkercad has a simulator to test code

Gives students experience with circuits, programming and robotics.

Includes many motors, sensors, displays, and controls

Justin Mawle

A Mindmap-Reflection

References

Reflection 1

Computational Literacy and "The Big Picture" Concerning Computers in Mathematics Education. (2019). YouTube. https://youtu.be/3pnc_ry5Y1c.

Gadanidis, G. (2018). Reforming Secondary School Mathematics Education. White Paper.

Wing, J. M. (2006). Computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 49(3), 33–35. https://doi.org/10.1145/1118178.1118215

Reflection 2

Grover, S., & Pea, R. (2018). Computational thinking: A competency whose time has come. Computer Science Education: Perspectives on Teaching and Learning, (December), 19–38. Retrieved from http://hub.mspnet.org/index.cfm/33300

Sneider, C., Stephenson, C., Schafer, B., & Flick, L. (2014). Computational thinking in high school science classrooms. The Science Teacher, 81(5), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.2505/4/tst14_081_05_53

Burke, Q., O’Byrne, W. I., & Kafai, Y. B. (2016). Computational participation. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 59(4), 371–375. https://doi.org/10.1002/jaal.496

Searle, K. A., & Kafai, Y. B. (2015). Culturally responsive making with American Indian girls. Proceedings of the Third Conference on GenderIT - GenderIT ’15, 9–16. https://doi.org/10.1145/2807565.2807707

Eisenberg, M., Eisenberg, A., Blauvelt, G., Hendrix, S., Buechley, L., & Elumeze, N. Mathematical Crafts for Children: Beyond Scissors and Glue. http://l3d.cs.colorado.edu/~ctg/pubs/artmath05.pdf .

Beatty, R. (2014). Exploring the Power of Growing Patterns. WHAT WORKS? Research into Practice. : www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/literacynumeracy/inspire/research/WhatWorks.html.

Culturally Responsive/Relevant Pedagogy and Instruction in the Cs Classroom. (2020). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RE3J8_9rSdw&feature=youtu.be.

Note: everything north of title is from reflection 1, and everything south is from reflection 2.