TOPIC 1: NATURE OF LANGUAGE Universal properties of language

EXAMPLE : by saying “it is cold in here” could imply a complaint, a request to close a window or even a compliment .

interpreting the meaning of entire utterances

* Known as open-endedness
* That can be used to produce new instances of the same type, which closely connected to word formation.

The English language varies on individual, regional, national and global levels.

FACTORS - regional (geographical), ethnic (national and racial), and social (class, age, gender, socioeconomic status and education).

'''consistuency'''

* Allowing more complex units to enter structures where simpler ones are also possible.



* For example, we can say, ‘she sat down,’ ‘the smart woman sat down

Recursion
*allows grammatical processes to be applied repeatedly
* expand a short sentence into longer sentences

eg: '''He was tall and strong and handsome and thoughtful and a good listener and…

The differences pronunciation of alphabets between English and Indonesia

Human language and animal language

* The range of sounds that human beings can make is continuous.
* The uniqueness of the sounds used in human languages.
* Every language use a set of different sounds.