Nervous System Anatomy

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Nervous System Anatomy

Anatomical Directions

Ventral

Toward the stomach (bottom)

Dorsal

Toward the top

Lateral

Towards side (away from midline)

Medial

Toward midline

Posterior

Toward back

Anterior

Toward front

Human Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

Autonomic

Parasympathetic

System of nerves that facilitate vegetative, nonemergency responses by body's organs - rest and digest

Sympathetic

Network of nerves that prepare organs for vigorous activity - fight or flight

Somatic

Motor nerves

Sensory nerves

Central Nervous System

Spinal Cord

Brain

Mid Brain

Substantia Nigra

Pathway releasing dopamine

Tectum

Inferior Colliculus

Auditory processing

Superior Colliculus

Visual processing

Forebrain

Cerebrum

Occipital Lobe

Primary visual cortex

Vision

Temporal Lobe

Auditory, language processing

Parietal Lobe

Primary somatosensory cortex

Touch sensations, info on body position & spatial info

Frontal Lobe

PFC, precentral gyrus, primary motor cortex

Higher functioning thinking

Limbic System

Cingulate Gyrus

Amygdala

Evaluating emotional information

Hippocampus

Memory and learning

Hypothalamus

Motivated behaviours (hormone release via pituitary gland)

Olfactory bulb

Thalamus

Relay station from sensory organs to cortex

Hindbrain

Cerebellum

Regulates motor movement, balance, co-ordination and shifting attention

Pons

Bridges axons from each half of brain to opposite side

Medulla

Vital reflexes (breathing, coughing, heart rate)

Ventricles

Fluid filled cavities (cerebrospinal fluid)

Meninges

Pia Mater

Arachnoid

Dura Mater