Ammonia

Nitrogen

produce from fractional distillation of liquid air

Hydrogen

produce from the cracking of petroleum

Needs a relatively high pressure and temperature

Iron catalyst speeds up the reaction

Whenever an Ammonia salt is heated with an alkali,ammonia is displaced from the salt

Reversible reaction can go both forward and backward at the same time

Manufacture of Ammonia by Harbour process
using raw materials such as Nitrogen and Hydrogen

The reaction between Nitrogen and Hydrogen is reversible process

1)Nitrogen and Hydrogen are mixed in the process 1:3 by volume
2)The mixture of gases is compressed to 250 atm.
3)The gases are heated to 450 degrees celcius and passed over finely divided iron
-Reaction is exothermic (give off heat)
-Only 10 to 15 % of Nitrogen and Hydrogen is converted to Ammonia
4) A mixture of Ammonia,Nitrogen and Hydrogen is obtained. The mixture of gases is cooled.
5)Ammonia gas condenses to form liquid Ammonia
6) Unreacted Nitrogen and Hydrogen are pumped back into the converter for further reactions (recycled)