Canadian Identity

- Used by NASA to place and hold objects in zero gravity from it's unveiling on November 13th, 1981 to it's final mission on July 21st, 2011
- Allowed astronauts to perform tasks such as moving cargo and fixing satellites much more easily
- One of most the most well known Canadian inventions

- First Canadian astronaut to command the ISS (International Space Station)
- Uploads educational videos about life in space on social media (Twitter, YouTube, etc.)
- Has made it much easier for public to learn about space in a visual format
- Charismatic and entertaining personality makes people more eager to learn about space

Canada's biggest trading partners as of 2015 (Statistics Canada):
#1. The United States of America
#2: The European Union
#3: The United Kingdom
#4: Germany
#5: The Netherlands

- Helped Canada emerge as a small yet incredibly strong county
- Supplied guns, shells, ships, aircraft, cargo carriers, etc. to many other countries (mainly Britain), which greatly boosted its economy
- Became the world's third biggest Navy and the fourth biggest Air Force
- Experienced "baby boom" after the war
- Army included African-Americans, Natives, etc., which advanced Civil Rights Movement

Some of Canada's accomplishments in WW2:
- Helped Allies invade Sicily and advance up Italy
- Lead the demolition of the Hitler Line and the Gothic Line
- Helped push through German positions in the Italian city of Rimini
- Played a major role in the Battle of the Atlantic, air war against Germany, D-Day, and The Battle Of Normandy

- Joined war in October 2001 alongside other countries such as the United States of America, United Kingdom, Australia, and Germany
- Sent ships to prevent the escape of Taliban and Al-Qaeda members
- Provided protection for humanitarian relief
- Helped rebuild Afghanistan by spending $1 billion between 2001 and 2011
- Sent 200 military and civilian personnel to rebuild Kandahar
- Ended military conflict in 2009 to focus on humanitarian relief

- Provided more aid to Afghanistan than any other country
- Helped Canada emerge as a peacekeeping country

- Has no official religion
- No official church
- Variety of religions in Canada
- All religions are accepted by Canadians

Top 5 religions in Canada in 2001 (Statistics Canada):
#1 - Catholic: 12,936,905
#2 - Protestant: 8,654,850
#3 - No religious affiliation: 4,900,090
#4 - Christian not included elsewhere: 780,450
#5 - Muslim: 579,640

- Shows the diversity of Canada
- Variety of languages

Languages in Canada (Statistics Canada): 2011
- 2 official languages are English and French
- 200 different languages spoken as home language or mother tongue
- 17.5% of Canadians are bilinguals
- 21% of Canadians speak French at home
- 20% of Canadians speak language other than English and French at home

- Many famous food(s) were invented by Canadians
Some of these include...
- Poutine
- Maple Syrup
- Tourtière
- "Canadian" Bacon
- Butter Tarts
- Fiddleheads
- Donairs
- Oka Cheese
- Sugar Pie
- Rappie Pie

3 different types:
#1: Federal - Highest level of government; responsible for nationwide decisions (such as immigration and the military)
#2: Provincial - Second highest level of government; responsible for provincial decisions (such as education and healthcare)
#3: Municipal - Lowest level of government; responsible for the decisions of a city/town (such as building roads, libraries, and parks)

Canada's government is a...
#1: Federal State - Various political communities form a federal government for national issues and provincial government for local affairs
#2: Parliamentary Democracy - Officials are elected to parliament and legislatures
#3: Constitutional Monarchy - A head of state (currently Elizabeth II) reigns alongside laws laid out by constitution

The main political parties in Canada are..
- The Conservative Party (centre-right on the political spectrum)
- Liberal Party (centre-left on the political spectrum)
- Green Party (left on the political spectrum)
- Le Bloc Quebecois (right on the political spectrum)
- New Democratic Party (right on the political spectrum)

- The current P.M. (Prime Minister) of Canada
- Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada
- Son of former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau
- Vision for Canada involves tax cuts for middle class and child care benefits
- Often known for his charismatic personality

Privacy Concerns (Bill C-51):
- Controversial anti-terror legislation
that was passed as law in 2015
- Focuses on promotion of terrorism and terrorist propaganda
- Allows the law enforcement to arrest you if they believe that a terrorist attack will is likely
- Different government departments can now share more information to each other
- More power given to disrupt terrorist plots
- Many feel that the bill is too vague and gives the law enforcement/government workers too much power and information

Assisted Suicide (Euthanasia):
- Legal in Quebec
- Many feel that it is an immoral thing to do

- A simple, 2 colored flag
- Symbolizes unity, tolerance, and peace

- All Canadian citizens may apply for public health insurance
- Most hospitals do not require you to pay fees (as they are paid for by taxes)
- All hospitals provide free emergency services
- May have to pay fees if not a Canadian citizen
- Must show health card, except in case of emergency

- Public school education is free, though schools may ask for a small fee at the beginning of the year
- Usually begins in late August or early September and finishes at the end of June
- Usually has mixed class with boys and girls
- Starts with Primary Kindergarten and goes all the way to Grade 12
- Must attend school from ages of 5 or 6 to between 16 and 18 (varies between provinces)
- A regular school week is from Monday to Friday (excluding holidays, PA Days, absents, etc.)
- Schools are available in either English or French
- Parents may choose to homeschool their kids
- Religious (ex: Catholic) schools are also available