blames prolonged bargaining and non-consensus on
administrative branch of
using a "hand-picked school board", imposes educational reform strategies on
influences the opinion of
influence the opinion of
sign
support
presidential candidate for
supports education policies proposed by
voice opinions on
chief education advisor to
president of
influence the opinion of/ try to rally support from
support the reform policies of
green arrows
red arrows
clashes over public education policies against
support the causes of
black perforated arrows
speak out against
personality clashes against
blue arrows
overlapping interests
influences
support
mayor of

Chicago Teacher's Strike 2012

Actor Network Diagram

Chicago Teacher's Union

Karen Lewis (Consideration 3)

Chicago Public Schools

Online Petitions

Grassroots Support Groups

Pro-Strike Parents

American Public

Anti-Strike Parents

Social Media

City of Chicago

Rahm Emanuel
(Consideration 1)

General Public

Civil Society Organisations

Government Agencies and
Political Actors

Democratic Party

Barack Obama

Issue Concept Map

Conflicts over Public Education Reforms

Teacher's Wages and Promotion Opportunities

CPS Proposes:

Lesser increase of wages

Rationale: CPS high budget deficit in
need of urgent funding cuts

A merit-wage model where salary is determined by teacher's performance in staff evaluations*

Rationale: Incentivises hard work among teaching staff

CTU advocates for:

Fair wage distribution among all teachers

Higher compensation for longer working hours, average 30% increase in teachers' wages

CPS to adhere to the Career Advancement Schedule established by the CTU's first contract

Teacher Evaluations

CPS Proposes:

An increase of teachers' performance evaluations based on their students' results in standardised test scores, to 45%

Rationale: Incentivises results-oriented teachers,
in order to boost grades and graduation rates in
Chicago's public schools, which are below national average

Criticism: all teachers, including teachers in lower-performing schools, are judged by identical benchmarks even if these teachers are of a comparable calibre as teachers in other schools.

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CTU advocates for:

Less emphasis on students' standardised tests in teacher evaluations

Rationale: facilitating longer times for students' recess, allowing
more rest for more effective learning

Rationale: Preventing teachers in lower-performing schools from being unfairly allocated lower wages

Greater fairness and transparency in staff evaluations

School Hours

CPS/ Mayor Emanuel Propose:

An increase in school hours in public schools
(the state of Illinois has the shortest
school day on average in the US)

Setting up of year-round schools with lessons
resuming during the summer

Rational: An addition of 40+ more days of learning per year- contributes to greater learning and achievement of academic goals

CTU advocates for:

A greater raise in teachers' wages in proportion
to longer school hours

School hours and school year length to remain unchanged

Provision of Social
Services for Students

CTU advocates for:

Increased counselling and nursing services in
underfunded schools

Rationale: greater care for needy students in such
schools who need these services the most

Restructuring of CPS

CPS and Mayor Emanuel propose:

Increase in new Charter Schools, offering vocational education
programs in Engineering, Science, and Business, which are
privately-run, publicly-funded, yet employing non-union teachers

Closure of poorly-performing, inner-city public schools which
incur high costs to CPS's funds with low returns in academic results (only 2% of African American male CPS students graduate from college on time)

Implication #1: Retrenchment of many experienced, committed teachers in these public schools

Implication #2: Transfer of students from
closing public schools to new Charter Schools

Implication #3: Unionised Public School teachers with experience and political clout (through their affiliation with CTS) are effectively being replaced with lower-paid, nonunion charter school teachers as Chicago's high school educators

CTU advocates for:

Fair re-employment contracts for teachers retrenched
by public school closures.

Parents petition for

Higher quality of education, greater opportunities for
children to enter college

Class Sizes

CPS/ proposes

Class sizes to remain unchanged

CTU advocates for:

Smaller class sizes

Rationale: Elementary school and kindergarten
classes are overcrowded compared to
95% of Illinois schools

Rationale: Better student to teacher balance
for more effective learning, teachers are
less likely to be overworked

Elementary School Subjects

CTU advocates for:

Increased time and resources for the
teaching of art and music

CPS proposes

Cutting back on funding for non-core,
enrichment subjects in the arts

Barbara Byrd-Bennett

Three Distinct Classes
of negotiating actors:

Arrow Legend

Intermediary Forces/
Mediums of Civil Participation

Supportive/ contributing relationship

Rivalrous/ antagonistic relationship

Influence/ Control

Subset of/ a part of

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation/ Economic Elites

Negotiable Issues

Non-Negotiable Issues
(Consideration 3)