Either or

Tires

Steel

Rolling Mill

Reheat Furnance

Basic Oxygen Furnace

Blast Furnace

Iron

Coal Coke

Coke Oven

Coal

Limestone

Natural Rubber

Vulcanization

Sulfur

Drying Process

Rubber Rolling Machine

Coagulation Process

Formic Acid

Rubber Tree Tapping

Rubber Tree

Synthetic Rubber (Styrene Butadiene Rubber)

Vulcanization

Solution Polymerization

Styrene and Isoprene

Naphtha

Oil

Natural Gas

Emulsion Polymerization

Carbon Black

Dryer

Beading Machine

Pulverizer

Collection Bag

Heat Exchanger

Carbon Black Reactor

Feedstock oil

Silica

Nylon 6

Ring-opening polymerization process

Hexamethylenediamine

Adipic acid (catalyst)

Environmental Impacts of Tires

Disposing of Tires

50% of tires are recycled

Tires are left in landfills or burned

Burning tires creates a lot of pollution because the synthetic rubber they contain is primary oil/hydrocarbons

Manufacturing Tires

Tires contain about 25% synthetic rubber which contains oil and other hydrocarbons that are harmful to environment when extracted

Tires contain a lot of metal which are very polluting to extract

China

Brazil

Australia

Indonesia

Japan

Germany

United States

Russia

Thailand

Malaysia

Iran

Canada

Saudi Arabia

India

General Machines Used to Mine raw Materials (aboveground)

Blasthole Drills

Bucket-wheel excavators

Dozers

Dragline Excavators

Graders

Highwall Miners

Mining Trucks / Dump trucks

Shovels

Wheel tractor scrapers