CHAPTER 2
ANATOMICAL BASES OF
HUMAN MOTION

erect standing position
with all body parts
facing forward.

superior

closer to the head

inferior

farther away from the head

anterior

toward the front of the body

posterior

toward the back of the body

medial

midline of the body

lateral

away from the midline

proximal

closer to the trunk

superficial

toward the surface of the body

deep

inside the body away from
the surface

distal

farther from the trunk

sagittal plane

flexion

extension

hyperextension

dorsiflexion

plantar flexion

frontal plane

abduction & adduction

lateral flexion

elevation and depression

inversion & everson

radial & ulnar deviation

transverse plane

left & right rotation

medial & lateral rotation

supination & pronation

horizontal adduction & abduction

mediolateral

anteroposterior

longitudinal