Water Scarcity
Group B:
Countries that are water stressed
India
Tropical monsoon climate
Causes for water stress
High Population growth
Agriculture and irrigation
Massive urbanisation
Industralisation
Lack of water management policies
Lack of water treatment plants
Climate change
Deforestation
Education and awarenes issues
Water resources
Monsoon rain
Surface runoff
melting snow
rainfall
Groundwater
supply 80% for domestic uses
suppy 50% for urban uses
Rivers
Himalayan river
Indus river
Ganges river
Case study: North india water crisis
Group B2:
[insert country name]
Group D:
Countries with adequate water supplies
NEW ZEALAND
REASONS
Population Dynamics
New Zealanders use about 160 litres of water per day; almost same amount as Singaporeans
Low population density; more sheep than humans! :S
Physical Geography
Annual precipitation range: 650mm - 1500mm --> replenishes streams, rivers, lakes and groundwater
Larger water catchment areas and higher number of freshwater reserves
Policies
Sustainable water management --> E.g. Resource Management Act (1991)
Key piece of legislation governing the management of freshwater resources. Under the RMA, regional and unitary councils are responsible for making decisions on the allocation and use of water within their boundaries and for managing water quality
Multi-agency collaboration
Ministry for the Environment works closely with other agencies to support local government’s role, as well as provides national direction to achieve the sustainable use of New Zealand’s water resources
Fresh Start for Fresh Water 2011
Gazetted a National Policy Statement for Freshwater Management to set a consistent, nationwide regulatory framework for setting water quality and quantity limits to govern the allocation and use of fresh water
Established an irrigation fund ($35 million over five years) to support irrigation infrastructure proposals to an ‘investment-ready’ prospectus stage, and signalled a possible $400m further investment for developing successful proposals
Reprioritised $15m over two years to set up a fresh water clean-up fund to assist councils with historic pollution problems
Started a programme of further work that includes setting limits on water quality and quantity, and improvements to decision-making, water allocation, and land use management.
Further reading
Group A:
Countries facing water scarcity
Israel
Natural Causes
Worldwide Climate Change
Natural disasters
Man-made
Industrial
Population Growth
Agriculture
Higher tandard of Living
Group A2:
[insert country name]
Group C:
Countries with vulnerable water supplies
China
Reasons for Vulnerability
Monsoon Climate
Agricultural Uses
High Population Growth
Rapid Industrialisation
Somewhat related picture
Fun Fact: There are more KFCs than McDonald's in China
Group C1:
[insert country name]