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Identity

Pierre Trudeau

FLQ terrorist crisis

Invoking the War Measures Act

This showed the identity of Canada, protecting it's citizens was the first priority

Trudeau stated that safeguarding Canada against external and internal threats would be the number one mission of the Canadian Forces

"the deliberate use of the military to enforce the will of one group of Canadians over the will of another group of Canadians is detrimental to the credibility of the armed forces"

89% of English-speaking Canadians supported the introduction of the War Measures Act, and 86% of French-speaking Canadians supported as well. Both having a majority and this began uniting the two side

When Tim Ralfe, a CBC reposter asked PM Trudeau how far he was willing to go to stop the FLQ, Trudeau replied: "Just watch me." Three days later, on October 16, the Cabinet under his chairmanship advised the Governor General to invoke the War Measures Act

The War Measures Act gave excessive power of arrest and internment to the police

What was it?

The aim was to separate Quebec from Canada and the create the nation of Quebec.

It was a terrorist organization within Canada: Front de Liberation du Quebec

Trudeau mania

Pierre Trudeau became the Prime Minster of Canada wit hopes for a new beginning and a new and improved Canada and his hopes didn't fail out of consideration. He believed he could eliminate the gap between the rich and poor, create Petro Canada and equalize the racism. He abolished the penalty of homosexual acts giving Canada the "peaceful" and "loving" identity it has today

Bilingualism

Trudeau was insistent in uniting Canada internally by bringing together the Franco phones and Anglophones within Canada and end their conflict in order for Canada to work as one and be successful

Philosophy

- Google Classroom

"not interfere in individual lifestyle choices"

"foster social and economic well-being of all people"

"Protect rights and freedoms of all individuals"

Canadian Multicultural Act

The Multicultural Act was an act put in place to unite Canadians by itself. This showed Canadians as a hopeful country and one that unites itself with care of the citizen in it. This act was a way of progress to end the discrimination that was residing in all the Canadians against each other

Trudeau stated that: no singular culture could define Canada and that the government accepted “the contention of other cultural communities that they, too, are essential elements in Canada.”

work towards developing an equal partnership between the English and French within the country

" preserve the cultural freedom of all individuals and provide recognition of the cultural contributions of diverse ethnic groups to Canadian society"

Charter of Rights and Freedom

The Charter of Rights and Freedoms or the bill of rights is yet another way of showing the compassion, unity, and thoughtful nature of Canadians having for each other. the Charter gives rights for everyone residing in Canada with respect for all the ethnic groups or race. The inner care Canada possess is reflected out for it's allies

civil rights of everyone in Canada

1.1 Exceptions 1.2 Fundamental freedoms 1.3 Democratic rights 1.4 Mobility rights 1.5 Legal rights 1.6 Equality rights 1.7 Language rights 1.8 Minority language education rights 1.9 Other sections

Unite Canadians around a set of principles that possess these rights

Guarantees specific political rights to Canadian citizens

FMNI

Land Claims

How does this shape the identity of Canada

Specific

Canada had made many treaties with the Aboriginal groups in the past but these treaties still had culture damaging traits. Similar to comprehensive treaties, Canada shows it's condolences to the tragic way they treated the FMNI and for this Canada agrees on any settlement claims the FMNI pose, even though Canadians know that nothing they do can fix the way the Aboriginals were treated these land claims are a persistent way of showing thier devotion and care for the FMNI

Comprehensive

Canada shows it's sincerity and regret towards the way they had treated the FMNI in the past by not keeping their word in signed treaties or if they had missed any important rights for FMNI land in the previous treaties. By demonstrating these Canada's identity is shaped into that of a new beginning and being optimistic about how they treat the Aboriginal in the now gro

Specific Claims

Canada agrees on settlements with the First Nation to honor it's obligations for the grievances

"Specific claims deal with past grievances of First Nations related to Canada's obligations under historic treaties or the way it managed First Nations' funds or other assets." aadnc

Comprehensive Claims

Modern and new treaties are negotiated between the FMNI and Canada in order to make up for the previous betrayed treaties

"Comprehensive claims deal with the unfinished business of treaty-making in Canada. These claims arise in areas of Canada where Aboriginal land rights have not been dealt with by past treaties or through other legal means." aadnc

Truth and Reconciliation commission

The truth and reconcilation commison established after the closing of residential schools is the Canadian governments way of sincerely apologzing for all the hardships it caused

" an ongoing individual and collective process that will require participation from all those affected by the residential school experience" trc

Purpose is to guide and inspire First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples aa welll as Canadians as a whole of truth and healing leading toward reconciliation and renewed relationships based on mutual understanding and respect

to learn the truth about what happened in the residential schools and to inform all Canadians about what happened in the schools

End of Residential schools

Even though the last residential schools was close to only 20 years ago. They closed down as Canada's new government was in place. This shows that Canada's precious government was in charge of the harm that residential schools caused to Canadian citizens but the new government had realized this mistake and did and does everything possible to fix this. This shows that Canada is a country with hope in changing and treating their own citizens right

The las residential school ended recently Gordon Indian Residential School in Saskatchewan, was closed in 1996

Residential Schools

Historical perspective

The above events all showed the negative identity Canada had in the past years. They had a very discriminating history but this slowly began to change

Operated through 1870s-1990s

Established to assimilate FNMI children into the Euro- Canadian culture

Forced to live, work, and study at the residential schools

Punished if they spoke their language

Canada as Peacemakers

Post 9/11: Canada's role in Afghanistan

The mission had helped in boosting and restoring its morale and fighting spirit after many years of decline

A friendly Conservative government has upgraded the Canadian Forces’ equipment and expanded the resources available to it

Canada took on one of the riskiest assignments of the war: the pacification and stabilization of Kandahar, the spiritual home of the Taliban movement

This had some of the heaviest fighting, including the Korean war, so Canada was given a level of status and prestige because of it's volunteering in these wars

Response to 9/11

Canada isn't just caring for other countries but firstly their own citizens. It took care of it's own citizens first to make sure their safety was in check

Anti-terrorism Act: takes aim at terrorist and terrorist groups and protects the safety, security, and rights of Canadians

Canada Border Services Agency was created to provide integrated border services that support national security and public safety priorities and facilitate the free flow of persons and goods

strengthened aviation, marine and rail security in Canada, including through more rigorous screening for port and airport employees, enhancements to technology, and improved security procedures.

Canada supplied troops etc to America when the terrorist attack took place

This showed how they are loyal and stand firm with their allies

Newfoundland's Gander Airport opened it'a doors to the stranded aircraft's after America shutdown it's skies

Newfoundland showed the kindness and supportive identity Canada holds by opening up their runways for stranded passengers in the air even though skies were closing down because of the terrorist attack

Role in World Conflicts

Civil War in Yugoslavia

Both of these are some of the many tasks that Canada helped in the War in Yugoslavia. We can see the supportive identity Canada holds now in these actions

Canadian troops would travel from towns to villages to prevent paramilitaries from killing or harming innocent citizens because of their racism ("Ethnic Cleansing)

Helped in the UN in stablizing the areas of these countries like Kosovo

Crisis in Somalia

Somalia was one of the countries thst Cannada had a hard time for peacekeeping because the individuals involved in the crisis were unstable and it made it a challenge for Canada

Despite having a hard time peacekeeping in Somalia and losing and injuring many of its soldiers, Canada being a persistent and helpful country continuously put in its effort to help in the crisis

Canada's participation was very helpful and it shaped the identity of Canada the most because we can see all the effort Canada put in the peacekeeping mission of Somalia

Escorted famine relief convoys, took part in the removal of land mines, collected and destroyed thousands of confiscated weapons

allowed relief supplies to be recieved by those in need

helped bring stability to the region

Genocide in Rwanda

The UN, Canada included had ultimately failed their peacekeeping mission in Rwanda because of their lack of preparation because of the limited amount of money they had

If Canada had been given the signal by it's superiors to engage in the genocide and help Rwanda to the best of it's abilities, Canada would've helped more and the Genocide would have been a success

Despite Canada having a lack of preparation and money for preparing their troops and weapons, Canada still went into the genocide with everything it could gather

After the president was killed in Rwanda, the Canadian General Romeo Dallaire, head of the UN peace keeping, sent an urgent request for doubling of his forces before he was told to not intervene in the conflict by higher powers

We can see the shaping of Canada's identity when this Canadian General was fully prepared to begin helping out and begin peacekeeping in the Genocide before he was told to step back

Persian Gulf War

Canadian air and naval forces supported each other in a war zone

This action showed that Canada is a united country where they work together to gain success

This was the first but not last time

Canada contributed warships and fighter aircraft to the successful campaign to liberate Kuwait

This demonstrates the generous identity of Canada That of which they show their sincerity to their allies

It was the first time Canada sent women to war in combat roles

This showed the non-discriminating identity of Canada because they began opening up the gender stereotype that only men go to war