ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

Electricity

Atoms

Nucleus

Protons

Positive charge

Neutrons

Neutral

Electrons

Negative charge

Electryc current

Positive

Negative

Electryc circuits

Switch

Battery

Two terminals

Conductor

Electricity in action

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Electricity can be found in nature. Electricity is transported to our homes through wires and cables. High voltage electricity is very dangerous.

Static electricity

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In a storm cloud, small bits of ice bump into each other as they move move around. This causes and electrostatic charge to build up in the clouds. When the charge is too big, giant sparks called lighting bolts are produced.

Electric animals

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Electric eels can discharge up to 600 volts.

Generating electricity

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Electricity can produce heat, light, magnetism, sound and movement.

Being safe when you use electricity

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Electricity is very useful but it can be dangerous.

Magnetism

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Is an invisible force between two magnetic objects or between two magnetic objects or between a magnetic object and an object made of magnetic materials such as iron.

Magnetic force

Created by electrons

Bar magnets are permanent magnets

Two poles

Positively charge

Negatively charge

Magnets and magnetic field

Iron fillings

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We can see the magnetic field of a bar magnet using iron filings.

To represent we draw lines

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The lines are the position of the filings.

How we can identify a magnet?

Magnets atract

Other magnets

Other substances

The Earth's magnetic field

The magnetosphere

The compass

Why the magnetosphere is important?

The centre of the Earth is made of liquid iron

Electromagnetism

Hans Christian Oersted

Andre-Marie Ampere

Michael Faraday

Electrical generators in power stations

Electromagnets

Maglev

Electric bell

Speakers and microphones