UK Government and Politics

Main topic

Politics

Democracy &
Political participation

Democacy

What is Democracy?

Subtopic

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Main topic

Main topic

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Main topic

Federalism

The Changing federal-state relationship

Westward Expansion

Industrialisation

Improvement in communications

The Great Depression

Foreign policy

Supreme Court Justice

Constitutional amendments

Phases of federalism

Dual Federalism

Cooperative Federalism

Regulated Federalism

New Federalism

Under George W. Bush

Under Barack Obama

Key Concepts

Federalism

Limit Government

The Compromise

Consequences
Of Federalism

Legal Consequences

Policy Consequences

Consequences for Elections

Consequences for Political Party

Economic Consequences

Regionalism

The Constitution

The Nature Of The Constitution

A Codified Constitution

A constitution that consists of a full and authoritative
set of rules written down in a single text.

The American constitution consists of sevens articles which explain the relationship between the three branches of government & the various powers

A Blend of specificity & vagueness

The Constitution is specific in regards to some
powers like the power to collect taxes

Other powers are very vague like the power of congress to 'provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States'.

Delegated Power: power given to federal government

Implied Powers : Powers inferred from the Constitution

Reserved Powers : Powers that belong to the states

Concurrent powers : Powers belonging to both state & federal

Entrenchment

The Application of extra legal safeguards to constitutional provisions to make it more difficulty to amend or abolish

Comparing the UK and US Constitution

Constitutional Rights

Principles

Separation of Powers

Checks & Balances

Amendments to the Constitution

The Bill of Rights & Later amendments

Why has the Constitution been so rarely Amended

The Amendments Process

An Amendment can be proposed by either two thirds of the House & Senate or by Legislatures in two-thirds of states calling for a national constitutional convention

An Amendment need to be ratified by either three-quarters of state legislatures or three-quarters of ratifying conventions

Only ever passed when proposed in congress (27) and almost always ratified by state legislatures (26)

Advantages of the Process

Super-majorities ensures against a small majorities imposes it will on a large minorities

Lengthy & Complicated process makes it less likely to be amended on temporary issues

Ensures both federal & states government must favour the proposal

Gives an magnified voice to the smaller states

Constitiutionals conventions called by states ensure against veto being operate by congress

Liberalism

Neo-Liberalism

Human Nature

Economy

State

Society

Betty Friedan

Modern Liberalism

Social Liberalism

Transitional Liberalism

Classic liberalism

John Rawls

John Locke

Mary Wollstonecraft

John Stuart Mill

Conservatism

Robert Nozick

Human Nature

Society

The state

Economy

Traditional Conservatism

Response to egalitarianism and fascism

Ayn Rand

Edmund Burke

Thomas Hobbes

Micheal Oakeshott

New Right conservatism

Christian democracy

One Nation Conservatism

Socialism

Utopian Socialism

Revisionist

Democratic Socialism

Social Democracy

Marxism-Leninism (Orthodox Communism)

The Third Way

Euro-communism

Anthony Giddens

Anthony Crossland

Beatrice Webb

Rosa Luxemburg

Human Nature

Society

The State

The Economy

Revolutionary Socialism

Marxism

Neo-Marxism

Karl Marx &
Friedrich Engels

Nationalism

Human Nature