K-8 Mathematics

GCF and LCM

Number Line

Addition/Subtraction Strategies

Base-ten Blocks to Develop the Standard Algorithm
Partial Sums Algorithm
Lattice Method
Column Addition Algorithm
Opposite-Change Algorithm
Number Line
Scratch Algorithm
Mental Computations

Definition of Subtraction of Whole Numbers:

a is the minuend and b is the subtrahend



a is always greater or equal to b, a - b is the unique whole number c such that



b + c = a

Integers

Whole Numbers

0

Negative numbers

Properties of Multiplication

Closure property of multiplication of whole numbers: a and b,

a X b is a unique whole number



Cumulative Property: a and b, a X b = b X a



Associative Property: (a X b) X c= a X ( b X c)



Identity Property: aka multiplicative identity. There is a unique whole number 1.



Multiplication Property of 0



Distributive property of multiplication over addition



Distributive Property of multiplication over subtraction



Properties of exponents

Bases

Base 10

Multiply bases

Divide Bases

Add and Subtract Bases

Converting bases

Multiplication/Division Strategies

Remainders

Repeated Subtraction

Repeated Subtraction Models: 24 - 8= 16; 16 - 8 = 8; 8 - 8 = 0. (subtracted, three 8’s)


24/8 = 3

Missing factors

Charge Field

Integer Chips

Factor Tree

Greatest Common Divisor/Factor and Least Common Multiple:

The GCD/GCF of two whole numbers a and b, not both 0, is the greatest whole number that divides both a and b.

Prime and Composite Numbers Definitions:

Prime numbers: Have exactly two whole divisors, 1 and themselves.

Composite numbers: Any whole number greater than 1 that has other whole number factors other than 1 and itself.



Prime factorization: is a factorization containing only prime numbers

Divisbility rules