Linguistic Intro
Branches
Historical Linguistics
Study the changing of a language over time
Examples
Lambru to Lambs
Eggru to Eggs
Namen to Names
Eyen to eyes
Pragmatics
Study the meaning of the language by the context
Examples
If someone asks "Please, close the window", it could be interpreted as the person is freezing or too noising outside
Between friends, say "Go to the restaurant", they will know which restaurant is
Semantics
Study the meaning of the words
Examples
"My heart was stolen" means to fall in love
The meaning of "Nail" depends on the sentence
Syntax
Study the grammar of a language
Examples
"He resisted asking for help", "resist" following by a gereund
"She draws beautifully", flowing the structure Sub-Verb-Adverb
Phonetics
Study of the sounds of speech
Examples
/i:/ in "See, Heat"
/ʌ/ in "Cup, Luck"
Sociolinguistics
Study how, depending the society, the language is used
Examples
"Yins" (you in the plural), it is used in some parts of USA
"Spanglish" (the mix between English and Spanish), it is used in cultures where both languages are used commonly like Mexico
Phonology
Study of the use of sounds
Example
"Toted" the first t is pronounced with a puff of air but the second is not
"Rice" and "Rise" the /aI/ is pronounced /ʌI/ before voiceless consonant
Morphology
Study formation of the words
Examples
Prefixes as "un-" in "Uncomfortable"
Free morpheme "Sport-" and bound morpheme "-ive" in "Sportive"
Discourse Analysis
Study the different types to use
a language according the context
Examples
"Sexiest man alive!" is a sentence for a magazine
"Hey, what's up?" is a discourse between friends
Definition
The scientific study of language
Sounds using
Language changing
What is language?
Human communication system
Sounds to express feelings
Words arranged