Loop Diuretics

Mechanism of Action

Blocks chloride pump in ascending loop of Henle, decreasing reabsorption of Na+ and 2Cl-, causing their excretion in the urin

Blocks chloride pump in ascending loop of Henle, decreasing reabsorption of Na+ and 2Cl-, causing their excretion in the urine. Reduces blood volume and cardiac workload by increasing urine output.

Therapeutic Effects:
* reduces BP through vasodilation
* reduces edema/pulmonary congestion
* decreased workload on heart

Conditions Treated:
* hypertension
* edema associated w/heart failure
* severe hypercalcemia

Side Effects/Adverse Effects

Dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, hypotension, ototoxicity

Off label uses

reducing Intra ocular pressure from glaucoma

pulmonary edema

ascites

Nursing Considerations

* do not use in pts' with severe renal failure
* monitor serum electrolytes, glucose, and uric acid with use
and hematology, liver function tests
* obtain W daily, monitor UO
* use cautiously in pts' with gout

Med examples

Ethacrynic acid (Edecrin)

bumetanide

furosemide (Lasix)

torsemide (Demadex)

Prototype Drug

furosemide (generic)

Lasix (trade)