The courts and administrative action

Primary jurisdiction

Agency

Exhaustion of administrative remedies

Finality

Deference to State courts

District Courts

Appeal

Seeking a different decision

Supreme Court

Significant reviews

Declare Governmental actions unconstitutional

What and how?

Standing to sue

Grounds to bring case

Mootness

Issue still relevant

Ripeness

Issues are clear

Hard look

Agency rules, FOIA denials, ajudication

Soft look

Rule-making, Statues