Water System
New Terms
Salinity
How much saline is in water
Potable
How healthy water is to drink
Water Cycle^
precipitation
Water particles falling from the sky
Evaporation
Liquid water turning into water particles in the air
Condensation
Water particles clumping together to form rain/snow/sleet/hail ect
Transipration
When plants take water from the ground and
release it into the air as a vapor
Sublimation
Solids turning directly into gas, without the liquid stage
Perspiration
The production and release of a watery, saline fluid
Underground Water Resoviors
Aquatard
an impervious layer that transmits water at a slower rate than an aquifer
Aquafer
its a layer of porus rock that water flows through
Dry Well
A well that doesnt reach the aquitard
Flowing Well
A well that did reach an aquitard
Runoff
Water that came from a place of high saturation, either downhill or by a pump
Saturation Zone
An area that gets more water than anywhere else
Ground Water
Water that pools on the ground because the ground cant absorb it fast enough
Pumped Aquafer Well
An actively working well that is pumping water
Water Table
the water system
Percolation Layer
A layer of dirt, soot, sand, ect that aborbs water back into the water table
Impervious Layer
a layer that doesnt absorb liquids through it
Capillaiary Action
the movement of water through an aquifer or other porus materials
Porosity
How porous something is
Precipitation
Rain, Snow, ect
Great Lakes
3 major pollutants
trash
runoff
waste
how potable is the water
the water is mostly safe to drink, but it is treated first.
the water is safe depending on your immune system as well.
is swimming safe
swimming is mostly safe except for when the water is too dangerous or bad to swim in.
are the fish safe to eat
you could eat fish caught in the great lakes, except
for when the water is too polluted, and the fish are full of
dangerous pollutants.
how healthy is the ecosystem
in some lakes the ecosystem is good, but in others it can vary during the times of year and what lake it is.
what invasive spieces are a problem
silver carp
zebra mussels
grass carp
whats the most pollued lake
lake Erie
are the great lakes more or less polluted now than the turn of the century
the great lakes are more polluted now than the turn of the century due to industrialization being more prominant now than the 1900s.
Water Cycle^
precipitation
Water particles falling from the sky
Evaporation
Liquid water turning into water particles in the air
Condensation
Water particles clumping together to form rain/snow/sleet/hail ect
Transipration
When plants take water from the ground and
release it into the air as a vapor
Sublimation
Solids turning directly into gas, without the liquid stage
Perspiration
The production and release of a watery, saline fluid
New Terms
Salinity
How much saline is in water
Potable
How healthy water is to drink
Mainland Valley Watershed
Issues^
Pollution
Flooding
Drought
Fisherys
Land Drainage
Ag Runoff
Dams
Pesticides
Waste Water
Ground Water vs Surface Water
Quality
Tempurature
Surface water and ground water both fluctuate in temperature, but ground water is colder than surface water because its far enough underground where its cool, but not far enough down to be hot or warm
Ground water
Pollution
Surface water is more open to the enviroment, so its more suceptable to human interaction, but ground water is mostly untouched by us so naturally ground water is less polluted
Ground water
Availability
Surface water covers about 60% covered in water, which makes ground water less available than surface water
Surface water
Mineral Content
Ground water has been refined by the ground, and enriched with calcium, potassium etc which makes it better for minerals
Ground Water
Effect Of Drought
Ground water feels less effects of drought due to it being
deep underground, surrounded by cool dirt, and no sunlight to heat it up
Ground water
Ease Of Access
Surface water is more easy to access due to it being
on the surface, whereas with ground water, you will have to drill 150-200 feet underground
Surface water
Which is better?
Ground water- 4
Surface water- 2
Water System^
Facts
Earth's Water
0.5% Liquid Fresh
96% Salt Water
2.1% Froze as Fresh
0.4% Gasses
Underground Water Resoviors
Aquatard
an impervious layer that transmits water at a slower rate than an aquifer
Aquafer
its a layer of porus rock that water flows through
Dry Well
A well that doesnt reach the aquitard
Flowing Well
A well that did reach an aquitard
Runoff
Water that came from a place of high saturation, either downhill or by a pump
Saturation Zone
An area that gets more water than anywhere else
Ground Water
Water that pools on the ground because the ground cant absorb it fast enough
Pumped Aquafer Well
An actively working well that is pumping water
Water Table
the water system
Percolation Layer
A layer of dirt, soot, sand, ect that aborbs water back into the water table
Impervious Layer
a layer that doesnt absorb liquids through it
Capillaiary Action
the movement of water through an aquifer or other porus materials
Porosity
How porous something is
Precipitation
Rain, Snow, ect
what mountains seperate what watersheds
Appalachians
seperates the atlaintic watershed from the gulf of mexico
watershed
oldest mountain range
Rockie Mountains
seperates the pacific watershed from the hudson bay
and pacific watersheds
medium mountain range
St.Elias
seperates the atlantic and arctic watersheds
Youngest Mountain range
5 main bodies of water that our
watershed drain into^
Hudson Bay
Atlantic Ocean
Arctic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Gulf of Mexico
9 major rivers in canada
MacKenzie
Arctic Ocean
Athabaska
Hudson Bay
Fraiser
Pacific Ocean
Peace
Arctic Ocean
Albany
Hudson Bay
St.John
Atlantic Ocean
Severn
Hudson Bay
Peel
Arctic Ocean
Churchill
Pacific Ocean
Ground Water vs Surface Water
Facts
Earth's Water
0.5% Liquid Fresh
96% Salt Water
2.1% Froze as Fresh
0.4% Gasses
Quality
Tempurature
Surface water and ground water both fluctuate in temperature, but ground water is colder than surface water because its far enough underground where its cool, but not far enough down to be hot or warm
Ground water
Pollution
Surface water is more open to the enviroment, so its more suceptable to human interaction, but ground water is mostly untouched by us so naturally ground water is less polluted
Ground water
Availability
Surface water covers about 60% covered in water, which makes ground water less available than surface water
Surface water
Mineral Content
Ground water has been refined by the ground, and enriched with calcium, potassium etc which makes it better for minerals
Ground Water
Effect Of Drought
Ground water feels less effects of drought due to it being
deep underground, surrounded by cool dirt, and no sunlight to heat it up
Ground water
Ease Of Access
Surface water is more easy to access due to it being
on the surface, whereas with ground water, you will have to drill 150-200 feet underground
Surface water
Which is better?
Ground water- 4
Surface water- 2
waterd
City treatment
1 is pumped in bulk and from a large body of water
2 has many precautions to prevent trash and other things from getting in the water
3 chlorine is added
4 is stored in large tanks
5 pumped through tanks before disposement
Similarites
1 both are pumped
2 both use sedimentation to remove waste
3 both are put back into the enviroment
4 both use pipes to transport water
5 both are put into tanks to store the unused water
Rural treatment
1 is pumped from a well
2 does not undergo much treatment for disposing and consuming
3 is released into a dirt bed
4 has an area where sludge can settle
5 is just for 1 house rather than a whole city