Chemistry by Logan Irvine

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Chemistry by Logan Irvine

Compounds

Molecular compounds

Metal and metal combine of a non metal and non metal combine

Name them by using prefixes and group number

Example: H2O is hydrogen dioxide. if the first element has one valent electron, you don't use mono and just name it as is.

Ionic Compounds

Metal and non metals combined

Rule: Name metal as is and change the ending of the non metal to ide

Example: CO2 is Carbon dioxide

Polyatomic ion: made up of more than one atom and acts as a single particle

Example: Nitrate is NO3

Multivalent: use roman numerals to know which one you are using

Example : Fe2O3 is Iron(III) oxide

Cation is a possitivly charged ion and it losses electrons

Anion is a negatively charged ion and it gets electrons

Valence electron: Number of electrons on outer most layer of diagram. Is also the group number.

Balancing

You know how two reactants make a product? Those reactants and products have to be balanced out because according to the law of conservation of mass the mass on the reactants have to be = to the mass of the product.

Example: C+ H2 = C2H8 is not correct because the mass of the reactants does not equal the mass of the product. The correct equation is 3 C 4 H2 = 1 C3H8. In this equation 3 carbons are needed to make a singular C3 and 4 Hydrogen gas is needed to make H8.

Chemical reactions

Synthesis

Two reactants combine to make a product

Example: H2 + O2 is H2O

Decomposition

A product decomposes to make two reactants

Example: H2O is H2 + O2

Single desplacement

A metal and a metal switch places or a non metal and a non metal switch places .

Example: Nal + CaCl will be NalCl + Ca

double displacement

Involves to compounds as reactants. Two metals or two non metals switch places

Example: BaSO + CaNO would be BaNo + CaSO

Combustion

A combustion reaction involves a fuel and oxygen as reatants and Carbon dioxide and water as products

Example: CH + O2 is CO2 +HO2 + thermal energy

Periodic Table Of Elements

Metals, non metals and metaliods

Metals to the left. metalloids in the centre and non metals on the right.

Alkali Metals, Alkaline earth metals, Halogens and Nobel gases