Categorias: Todos - rainfall - gradient - permeability - vegetation

por Bernice Tan 13 anos atrás

332

Energy of River

The speed and volume of a river are influenced by several interrelated factors. The wetted perimeter of the river, which refers to the area where the river water is in contact with its bed and banks, plays a significant role in determining speed; a larger wetted perimeter leads to more friction and thus slower flow, while a smaller wetted perimeter results in faster flow due to reduced friction.

Energy of River

Energy of River

Volume of River

Climate
Low rainfall will have lower volume of water.
High rainfall will have higher volume of water.
Permeability of rocks
Low permeabilty decreases infiltration and increases surface runoff, hence volume of water is high.
High permeability increases infiltration and decreases surface runoff, hence volume of water is low.
Presence of vegetation
Sparse vegetation leads to high surface runoff, thus increases the amount of water.
Abundant vegetation leads to low surface runoff, thus reduces the amount of water.
Size of drainage basin
Large drainage basin results in large volume of water.
Small drainage basin results in small volume of water.

Speed of Flow

Wetted Perimeter
Smaller wetted perimeter causes the speed to be high because there is less friction.
Larger wetted perimeter causes the speed to be low because there is a lot of friction.
Roughness of channel
Smooth channel increases the speed because of lower friction.
Rough channel reduces the speed because of higher friction.
Gradient of channel
Steep gredient causes the speed of river to be high.
Gentle gradient causes the speed of river to be low.