FALACIAS Y TIPOS

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Los principios lógicos de los juicios y de los argumentos

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por Andrea Velez Atehortua

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Algebra de Boole

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FALACIAS Y TIPOS

Why is it important to plan your year ahead?


Planning ahead for the next year has some highly important benefits: it contributes to your personal and business growth; it helps you set priorities and focus on them; you get to prevent all sorts of risks and get accustomed to change.

Bibliografía

Y el texto de lengua y literatura

Ejemplos de falacias

Formales

Ejemplos de FALACIAS FORMALES

No formales

Imágenes en las tres líneas de lado izquierdo

Ejemplos FALACIAS NO FORMALES

Qué es una falacia?

A goal refers to an expected outcome that has one or several specific objectives which have to be achieved within a designated time frame. Regarding the time frame, goals can either be long-term goals, or short-term goals. These two basic categories can be further sub-divided:

• lifetime goals: part of long-term goals, these are major goals that have accomplishment dates of ten or more years in the future;

solving, innovation, or some type of improvement;

• capstone goals: key goals that need to be accomplished first before your lifetime goals. Their time frame is between one to ten years.
• foundational goals: short-term goals that can be achieved in less than a year;
• provisional goals: also known as stepping-stone goals, these goals can be accomplished in less than a month.

Remember that goals should relate to accomplishments (therefore the result), not activities.

Una falacia es un razonamiento no válido pero que aparenta ser válido. Se utilizan intencionalmente para engañar.

S.M.A.R.T. is an acronym and it stands for:

• S - specific: Who? What? When? Where? Why?
• M - measurable: defining quantity,

quality, cost, etc.

• A - achievable: a feasible goal
• R - relevant: important
• T - time-bound: intermediate and final deadlines.

Falacias formales

Falacias Formales

Son razonamientos no válidos pero que a menudo se aceptan por semejanza con formas válidas de razonamiento o inferencia. Se da un error que pasa inadvertido.

Review your past year


to see what you achieved and what areas you still want to improve. Do you have any regrets?

Transferencia de propiedades

De apelación a

De autoridad colectiva (ad populum)

De autoridad individual (ad veecundiam)

De división

De composición

Contra la persona ( ad hominem )

What were last year's mistakes?


Are there any challenges that you didn't manage to cope with? Is there anything you regret doing/not doing in the past year?

CIRCUNSTANCIAL

Auto contradicción

De intereses personales

OFENSIVA

Falacias no formales

Falacias no formales

Son razonamientos en los cuales lo que aportan las premisas no es adecuado para justificar la conclusión a la que se quiere llegar.

What do you have in mind for the following year?


Taking into consideration the year that has just passed, it's time to make new, bigger, bolder plans. Will you change the city/country you are living in? Are there any new skills you are planning to acquire? Are you taking a new career step?

Atinencia

En estas falacias no existe la relación lógica entre los elementos de un razonamiento: premisas y conclusión

Son falacias que utilizan elementos psicológicos para convencer.

Ad hominem,ad verecundiam,ad baculum,ad ignoratiam,ad populum.

ambigüedad

La palabra o frase puede ser ambigua, en cuyo caso tiene más de un significado claro.

Son falacias que utilizan elementos psicológicos para convencer.

Utilizan un lenguaje descuidado.

Choose several areas in which you are prepared to make a huge difference this year. Consider taking just a few, maybe just 2 or 3 areas. Having too may areas to focus on would imply a waste of your energy. List them and choose icons to set their priority levels: