The Diversity of Life

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All of these plants are vascular

Similarities

Both do not have scales and have sensory organs

Have the ability to swim, and breathe using lungs or gills

Characteristics

Both classes of these animals give birth to young and have a layer of heat insulation

Diagram showing types of viruses

Prokaryotes

Diagram

Eukaryotes

Yes

No

Is it Living?

Viruses

Classification of Viruses

Can be classified based on their genetic material

Can be classified based on the size of their caspied

Can be classified based on the shape of their caspid

Structure of a Virus

Has 3 main viral structures

Has an membrane envelopoe after escaping a host cell

Has the Capsid

Has the Nucleic Acid

Why is it non-living?

Can't reproduce without a living host

Has no proper cell structures

Does not react to any stimuli

Are they Eukaryotes or Prokaryotes

Do some of their cells have a cell wall?

Animalia

Do they have a backbone?

Worms

Are usually flat, their body is a tube in a tube, and you can see their head vs their tail

Warm Blooded?

Amphibians

Amphibians have smooth, wetter skin with scales and they are usually slimy

Reptiles

Reptiles are dry, and have scales

Fish

Fish are vertebraes that live in the water, made of cartilage

Have the ability to fly? (The majority)

Birds

A majority of them have the ability to fly aside from a few species

They have feathers to act as their heat insulation

Mammals

They give birth to young, but do not lay eggs

This class of animals have fur for heat insulation

Insects

Their bodies are dividied into segments and their legs have moveable sections connected with joints

Are they motile? (can they move on their own)

Are the MAJORITY of them single celled?

Protists

Types of Protists

This category is for everything that doesn't fit in anything else! (such as Amoeba)

Plant-Like

These protists make their own food using photosynthesis, just like plants do

Fungi-Like

They are decomposers like other fungi, common exmaples include the slime moulds

Animal-Like

These protists consume other organisms as their food source. They also tend to be parasites

Fungi

Classification of Fungi

Fungi imperfecti, Chytrids, Zygospores, Sac fungi, Club fungi

Club fungi have fruiting bodies but are short lived

Sac fungi tend to be the largest fungi we see and have finger-like sacs

Zygospores tend to be multicellular and live on land, an example of this is bread mould

Chytrids are usually unicellular and tend to live in water with special limbs called flagella

Fungi imperfecti are a diverse phyla of fungi

Are the only ones to not reproduce sexually!

How do they get their nutrition?

Parasitic, Predatory, Mutualistic, Saprobial

Others wait for organisms to die, to feast on them

Some partner up with other living things like pants, which is mutually beneficial

Some fungi can hunt/wait for prey

They can be parasites, which means they absorb the nutrients of that come from their host

Plantae

Types of Plants

Gymnosperm

They produce "naked" seeds and have pollen for some animals

Angiosperm

Their plants produce fruit and are known as flowering plants

Pteridophytes

They don't produce seeds and an example of them are ferns

Bryophytes

They do not have vascular tissues, examples are mosses

Is the cell wall made of peptidoglycan?

Bacteria

Cyanobacteria

Is considered bacteria but is extremely close to being considered a plant. It is a prokaryote so it is automatically here.

Classification

Size and Shape, Nutrition, Respiration, Movement

Size and Shape: Archaea and Bacteria can take on different shapes (Spheres, Rods, Spirals)

Respiration: We can describe both archaea and bacteria depending on their respiration type. (Are they Aerobic? Anaerobic? Obligate Aerobes?)

Nutrition: The way they get their food. Some types of archaea are chemoautotrophs, some bacteria are photoautotrophs

The Gram Stain

The Gram stain is something that can be used to ONLY classify bacteria

Bacteria prefer normal conditons to live in, this means they do not like to live in the extremes (extremely cold, hot, salty, etc...)

Bacteria use Photosynthesis as their source of food and this is something that is UNIQUE to them

Archaea

Habitats

Halophiles

They can survive in extremely salty conditions

Acidophiles

They can live in extremely acidic conditions

Thermophiles

They can live in extremely hot conditions

Archaea tend to be extremophiles

Nutrition type

Archaea use methanogenesis to produce the majority of their food. A common by-product of this process is methane

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