Ancient Greece

Social Values and Ethics

exhibit bravery

honoring the gods

hospitality

keeping promises and oaths

skillful warrior

Customs

husbands controlled all property

dead ones had mouth sealed with a token or talisman

orphaned daughters were left to an uncle or cousin

Discoveries

Thales

earthquake theory

Pythagoras

The Pythagorean Theorem

Anaxagoras

1st molecular theory of matter

Hippocrates

Hippocratic Oath

Technologies & Inventions

water mill

odometer

alarm clock

cartography

olympics

basis of geometry

modern philosophy

concept of democracy

Monarchy

2000 -1100 BCE

Oligarchy

1100 - 800 BCE

Tyranny

800 - 500 BCE

Democracy

from 500 BCE

Sparta

southern part of the Peloponnese

Values

strength was admired and weakness was despised

greatest virtue was bravery

greatest honor was to die fighting in battle

most serious crime for a Spartan was to retreat from battle

Men

Spartan boys were taken from the mothers at the age of seven and moved into barracks and taught to be men until they were aged 20.

They married at any time, but lived with men. At 30 they were elected to citizenship.

carried their weapons with them at all times and ate in mess halls together.

Women

primary duty of Spartan wives was to produce future soldiers and wife swapping was permissible as long as it furthered this goal.

Spartan women had more freedoms and rights than other Greek women. Plutarch wrote that Spartan marriage was matrilocal and that "women ruled over men."

almost as tough as the men

Athens

on a peninsula that stretches southeastward into the Aegean Sea

Values

believed that individuals should be free as long as they acted within the laws of Greece

Men

dominant role in public life in ancient Greece

Metics (men that were not Athenian-born), had to pay taxes and serve in the military, but these men did not have voting privileges.

citizens (Athenian-born men) had that the right to vote

Only men were engaged in politics and public events

Women

pale skin was in style

took care of the home and children

were valued, but had only indirect influence on politics

men entertained, wives were not invited to the dinner

Marathon

Salamis

Thermopylae

Chaeronea

Olympians

Zeus

Hera

Apollo

Poseidon

Ares

Hades

Titans

Other Gods