method 2
reduce
minimise
reduce
investigate
monitor
monitor
Investigate
monitor
monitor
limit
monitor
influenced by
influenced by
procedure
procedure
procedure
compare
compare
evaluate
effect
assess
effect
effect
2
1
effect
calculate
effect
compare
objective
aim
effect
effects
compare
objetive fullfilment
effect
determine
effect
aim
determine
method 1
compare
concept validation
compare
effect

ACID ROCK DRAINAGE PREVENTION BY  IMPROVING PACKED BED STABILITY

Chemical Approach

coat sulfidic rocks

apply synthetic coatings

rock sample characterisation

determine sulfur content

determine ARD producing potential

ABA tests

Biokinetic tests

microbes

surface area

pH

[Fe2+]/[Fe3+]

[SO4^2-]

Geotechnical Approach

Physical

Investigate rock mineralogy

PSD

Vary waste rock to fine waste ratio (w/w)

waste rock shape

porosity

Mechanical

packed structural bed strength

packed bed compressibility behaviour

compressive load

compressive extension

Develop Packing Protocols

Analyse packing methods

sample loading approach

consolidated partilcle settlement

rodding

shoveling

jigging

non-consolidated packing settlement

Aspect ratio

bed diameter

bed height

solid material volume

Carry out column leach tests

Fe/Ferrous Ion concentration

permeant flow rate

pH

Sulphate concentration

yield stress

sample   rheology

Slump

spread

slump height

dry/wet packing

Mixing protocols

packing density

void volume

water/solid ratio

void ratio

layered/blended packing

inhibit permeation of aqueous oxidants

Prevent oxidation reactions

physical barriers

backfills

Acid Neutralising Capacity

Net Acid Producing Potential

bulk density

specific gravity