Belaynesh's macromolecule concept map

carbohydrates

monosaccharides

one monomer sugar( glutenous)

Disaccharides

two monomers (sucrose)

Polysaccharides

large polymers(starch)

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen (always in a 1.2.1 ratio)

sugars

starches

cellulose

glycogen

quick energy

energy storage

structure

the suffix of most sugars are (ose)

lipids

triglycerides

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen

energy storage

cushions organs

isolates body

fats

oils

phospholipids

steroids

waxes

non polar

hydrophobic (does not like water)

long hydrocarbon chains

glycerol+ fatty acids

nucleic acids

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen nitrogen phosphorous

store hereditary information

DNA

RNA

single nucleotide chain

spiraled in a double helix

double helix shape

nucleotide

a base, a pentose sugar (ribose/RNA| deoxyribose/ DNA ), and a phosphate group

protiens

20 amino acids (building block)

amino acids are chained into a polymer

chained by peptide bonds

they can be electrically charged or not, they can be polar or non polar.

3D

Primary structure: a series of amino acids.

Secondary structure: chains, folds and coils alpha helix and pleated sheets

Tertiary structure: the weaving of the alpha and beta sheets

Quaternary structure: when more than one chain bonds together.

proteins only work if they have the right shape.

temperature and acidity can denature or unfold the protein

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen nitrogen

hormones

movment

immune system

enzimez

transport

mussels

fingernails

skin

hair

enzimez

hormones