๐ป๐ฏ๐ฌ ๐น๐ฌ๐ต๐จ๐ฐ๐บ๐บ๐จ๐ต๐ช๐ฌ ๐ช๐ฏ๐ฐ๐จ๐น๐จ ๐น๐จ๐ท๐ถ๐ต๐ฐ
๐ช๐ฏ๐จ๐ต๐ฎ๐ฌ๐บ ๐ฐ๐ต ๐ป๐ฏ๐ฌ ๐บ๐ถ๐ช๐ฐ๐ฌ๐ป๐
SCIENCE
we can divide this span of time in three periods :
1485-1558 : the Beginning of the Renaissance 1558-1603 : the Flowering of the Renaissance (also called Elizabethan Era) 1603-1625 : the Decline of the Renaissance (also known as Jacobean Age)
two of the events that changed this period are:
TUDOR DYNASTY
Henry Tudor also known as Henry VII: he started the dynasty and he defeated king Richard III
his son, Henry VIII, became indipendent from the influencies of the Pope by dividing the Church of England from the one of Rome
Elizabeth I, daughter of Henry VIII, started the Flowering of Renaissance and re-stablished the anglican religion. In her period the english naval power became stronger
THE PRINTING PRESS
it was introduced by WILLIAM CAXTON
before this the books were written out in longhand
more people could learn to read and write
new discoveries; we have new methods of research; everything needs to be experimented
study of human values and potential; it is based on axiomatic truths
ART AND ARCHITECTURE
RELIGION
PHILOSOPHY
artists inspired by the classical style in fact they follow the Greek and Latin culture
passage from the Roman Church to the Reformation of Luther and Calvin
we have the human body as the representation of the universe
LEONARDO DA VINCI : VITRUVIAN MAN
so one of the most important thing in this time is the difference between :
MICROCOSM
MACROCOSM
earthly world with the King
supernatural world with God
REBIRTH OF LEARNING
PERIOD OF : -PEACE -ECONOMIC POSPERTY -STABILITY
ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT FIGURE OF THE TIME
THOMAS MORE
he wrote, UTOPIA, a book that talks about an Island where everything is perfect and where happiness reigns
it is considereted a microcosm living in harmony with the macrocosm all around
๐ป๐ฏ๐ฌ ๐น๐ฌ๐ต๐จ๐ฐ๐บ๐บ๐จ๐ต๐ช๐ฌ ๐ซ๐น๐จ๐ด๐จ
the drama in this period takes inspiration from medieval and classical genres.
MEDIEVAL
it takes from it the moralities and the interludes
this type of theatre was for the middle and poor classes
CLASSICAL
while it takes from the classical the elegance : the authors follow the Greek and Latin culture
this theatre was more difficult to understand, in fact, it wasn't for everyone
now the important change is that the theatre is for everyone and for all the social classes, because it is a mix of popular entertaiment and refined culture
here, we have the tragedy, namely an imitation of a seroius action. This performance is without narration, because we only have people that talk and make dialogue.
๐ฐ๐ต๐ซ๐ฐ๐ฝ๐ฐ๐ซ๐ผ๐จ๐ณ๐ฐ๐บ๐ด
in this period is very important the individual personality
the masque : representation characterised by music, dance and song. This was very popular in the Elizabethan court.
the interlude : a dramatic entertainment used to relieve the tension between dramatic acts
this type of acting actually includes the catharsis : the purification from all the emotions
the tragedy theatre follows a pattern of five acts :
introduction
development
crisis
decline
final outcome with catastrophe
the hero has different features from the medieval's one, now :
he is a person from a privileged social position
he is a person from high moral qualites
he accepts the inevitable consequences of his action with courage