Geography Hong Xian Chap 3

Emergent layer

50-80m high

Canopy layer

30-50m high

Crowns form almost continuous cover

lianas and epiphytes

Undergrowth layer

20m high

Rapid decomposition

Tall, straight trunks

Obtain maximum sunlight

smooth bark

Allow rainwater to flow
easily from crown to roots

Broad leaves

Capture sunlight for photosynthesis

waxy, leathery or hairy leaf surface

minimise loss of moisture

leaf drip tips

allow water runoff ,
preventing fungi and bacterial growth

colourful strong-smelling flowers

attract insects and animals for pollination

Buttress roots

Large above ground roots to support tree's heavy weight

High rainfall and temperatures
throughout the year

Thick and Luxuriant evergreen forests

broadleaved evergreen trees

rich biodiversity