Universal Ancestor (DNA as Genetic Storage, ester bonds, cell membranes)
Common Ancestor of Archaea and Eukaryote (histones)
Archaea (ether bonds in cell membranes)
Methanobrevibacter smithii
Eukaryote (presence of membrane-bound nucleus
presence of membrane-bound organelles)
Excavata (Feeding Groove)
euglenoids
SAR (Protists)
Rhizaria (filose pseudopodia)
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Radiolarians
Forams( Foraminiferas)
Stramenpila (tripartate flagellar hair) (secondary plastids)
Bacillariophyta
diatoms
Phaeophyta
Giant Kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera)
Archaeplastida (primary plastids)
Rhodophytes
Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)
Common Ancestor (Chlorophytes, Charophytes and Land Plants)
Common Ancestor of Charophytes and land Plants
Braun's stonewort (Chara braunii)
Land Plants ( Sporic Life cycles, Embryos, Apical meristems, Gametangia, Sporangia, Desiccation-resistant spores)
liverworts
Common Liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha)
/
Mosses
Woolly Feather Moss (Tomentypnum nitens)
/
Hornworts
Field hornwort ( Anthoceros agrestis)
Common Ancestor of seedless Vascular Plants (lignin, xylem&phloem, leaves, dominant sporophyte generation, thick waxy cuticle, stomata)
Lycophytes
Fan clubmoss ( Diphasiastrum)
Common Ancestor of Monilophytes, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms (Megaphylls)
Monilophytes
Eastern Marsh Fern (Thelypteris palustris)
/
Common Ancestor of Seed Plants (Seeds, Pollen, Wood, Heterospoory, Ovules)
Gymnosperms
Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris)
Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum)
Angiosperms ( Flowers, Fruits, Endosper, Ovaries)
Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)
White Water Lily (Nymphaea alba)
chlorophytes
Unikonta
Amoebozoans (movement with pseudopodia)
Slime molds
Opisthokonts (tripartate flagellar hair) (single posterior flagellum on swimming cells) (absorptive heterotrophy)
/
Nucleariid (Nuclearia thermophila
fungi (zygotic life cycle, chitin cell wall)
Black Bread Mold (Rhizopus stolonifer)
Fly Agaric (Amanita muscaria)
Animalila (multicellularity,gametic life cycle, mobility)
Choanoflagellates (Desmarella moniliformis)
Metazoa Common ancestor of animlila
porazoa (no tissues)
porifera
Giant Barrel Sponge (Xestospongia muta)
Eumetazoa (specialized tissues)
Radiata (radial symmetry, diploblastic)
cnidaria
Moon Jelly (Aurelia aurita)
Bilateria (bilateral sym, triploblastic)
Acoelomates
coelomates
protostomia (Sprial cleaveage, blastopore becomes mouth,lophophore and/or trocophore larvae, determinate cleavage)
lophotrochozoa (ecdysis)
Humboldt squid (Dosidicus gigas)
Chesapeake Blue Crab (Callinectes sapidus)
Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus)
mollusca
Golden Apple Snail (Pomacea canaliculata)
ecdysozoa
deuterostomia (radial cleavage, indeterminate cleavage, blastopore becomes anus)
chordata
Echinodermata
Giant Sea Star (Pisaster giganteus)
/
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American Black Bear (Ursus americanus)
Subtopic
Main topic
Bacteria (presence of peptidoglycan in cell wall)
Escherichia coli