RFP1 HEATING

"B" Gas Fitter - Max they can work on is 400,000 BTUH"A" Gas Fitter - No maximum, except utility and transmission systems.

The basic elements of oil, nat gas and coal are hydrogen and carbon. These are known as Hydrocarbons

Gas is trapped in porous formations beneath the earth  Seismic animation on the left shows sound waves used to locate oil & gas formations  The wet gas pocket that is harvested from the top of the oil is cleaned and refined into Natural gas and LPG gases by Fractionization

All Natural Gas contains Water which must be dealt with or it would freeze, forming hydrates  2 Methods  Absorption – bubbling gas through a liquid desiccant (glycol solution) which absorbs the gas  Adsorption – pass the gas over a bed of granular solids that attract the water. (ie silica

To ensure enough gas supply throughout winter, Natural gas is stored in salt caverns • Natural gas is pumped in and stored at a pressure of 4100psi during summer and drawn out during winter • Without salt caverns nat. gas needs to be chilled to -258F to be liquified for storage 

 Pipeline companies (Enbridge, Trans mountain, etc.) do not own the gas, they are contracted to ship it to its destination. • Transmission pipelines run at 300psi – 1500psiWhen local utilities receive gas from the gas processing plant: • They drop the pressure to 2psi – 80psi at the “City Gate” • Natural gas and Propane have an odorant, Mercaptan, added to provide an odour to them so they can be detected as they are colourless and odorless without

Gas pressures are measured in psi for higher pressures but given in W.C. (Inches of Water Column) for most residential and appliance applicationsA column of water 1” square and 12” high will exert a pressure of .434 psi11 psi = 28” WCOnce the gas reaches your house, the utility company reduces the pressure again down to 1/4 – 1/2 psig (7” – 14” water column) which is low pressure. Residential houses are allowed to have up to 2 psi in the building supply piping

**Important**1st stage regulator drops pressure to between 5-10 psi2nd stage regulator drops pressure to 11” wc  Manifold pressure is also set to 11” wc Propane runs at a higher pressure than natural gas because it is heavier and harder to push through the pipe.

All meters, appliances and regulators detached  All outlets closed and capped or plugged. In other words... disconnect everything and only pressure test the gas line

Pressure Testing Finished (Connected) PipingThis is done when everything is hooked up.Testing Finish Piping Min. 10 minutesMax. test pressure = working pressure only Test using manometer or smallest dial on gas meter Connections tested with approved leak detector

Testing Valve Train (Manifold Piping) Appliance burner must be operatingConnections tested with approved leak detector

CALORIFIC VALUES OF LIQUIDS (NOT GASES)BTU PER POUNDCALORIFIC VALUES OF GASES (NOT LIQUIDS)

We are Refrigeration Mechanics, not Gasfitters.We can service equipment up to a maximum of 400,000 BTUH.We do no pipingYou should know all of the fittings on this diagram below. The first one is Natural GasThis is a Propane installation

An appliance shall not be installed on a roof of a building exceeding 13 ft (4 m) in height from grade to roof elevation unless access is provided in accordance with the Alberta Building Code.

The Gasfitter is responsible for the installation and servicing of the first-stage regulator and second-stage regulator only on a propane gas line service.As the installer, you are responsible for the installation, servicing and setting of the first-stage and second-stage regulators on a propane installation. First-stage regulators are usually set at 10 psig and second-stage regulators are set at 11 inch w.cPropane must be odorized before it reaches the final consumer. It is the responsibility of the producer of the propane to ensure that this requirement is met. 

Gas services, service regulators and meters are the property of the gas utility and are to be installed and serviced by the utility's personnel or authorized agents. Only the utility company installs, services and adjusts the service regulator which is usually set at 7 inch water column (w.c.) on a residential natural gas installation.

All field wiring connected to an appliance shall conform to the applicable Electrical Code and shall be performed by qualified personnel only. You may work on electrical components of an appliance and you are limited to low voltage as described by the Electrical Code. This limits you to a maximum of 150 volts AC and a maximum of 1 amp of current draw. Any wiring replaced or repaired on an appliance must conform to the manufacturer's wiring diagrams. Ground circuits must not utilize any portion of the gas line, unless for a low voltage signal, such as those designed for proving flame (flame rectification)

The Code prohibits the installation of gas appliances in locations where the potential for damage to life, property and to the appliance caused by fire and explosion hazards. 

Soapy WaterElectronic DetectorNo open flames

Elevation between 2000 feet and 4500 feet (600 and 1300 m) above sea level. Appliances installed at these elevations must be approved and certified for installation at these elevations. All of Alberta is classified as high altitude

Heat exchangers in residential appliances must be replaced if found to be defective There is a provision to achieve temporary repairs if the Safety Codes Officer must approvesHeat exchangers on commercial appliances may be repaired, but the repair must meet the approval of the Safety Codes Officer. permits may be required

Safety devices, such as high limits or safety shut-off, must not be removed or rendered inoperative.

Mobile homes need to use furnaces that are certified specifically for use in mobile homes...If you take the mobile home and put it on a permanent foundation... you can use any furnace...doesnt need to be specifically designed for mobile homes.... (because it is no longer mobile)

Always read the manufacturer's instructions before installing an appliance or component.Only certified gas appliances may be installed. The appliance will have proof of approval on the rating plate.Responsibilities of the Installer:The installer is responsible for ensuring that all appliances, as well as components or accessories that they install, meet the code requirements, perform the function(s) they were designed for and are installed in a safe working order.The installer is the person who connects the gas to the appliance...The person who commissions it, or the last person to work on it becomes responsible for the appliacne.All instruction and installation booklets that are supplied with a gas appliance must be left with the appliance.Poor workmanship is reason enough to fail the inspection.Manufacturers of appliances and equipment may employ their own service personnel and will train those people to perform the required service

Bending of gas piping shall be made only with bending equipment and procedures especially intended for that purpose.

An approved transition fitting shall be used for connecting piping or tubing of either steel, or copper to plastic. A mechanical compression fitting shall not be located within 15 ft (4.5 m) of a building.

A component of incomplete combustion. This component can be detected by its acrid odour, which will sting the eyes and mucous membranes.

Air required for the proper operation of a gas-burning appliance; this includes primary air, secondary air, excess air, dilution air and ventilation air.Know How much primary air, excess air and secondary air...

That portion of the combustion air that is supplied upstream from the point of combustion for the initial stages of the combustion process.

The portion of the combustion air that is supplied downstream from the point of combustion for the intermediate and final stages of the combustion process.

Theoretical Combustion AirThe air required for the complete combustion of a fuel gas. This air is the theoretical amount of primary air and secondary air. Approximately 60 % of the air is used as primary air and 40% as secondary air.

xcess AirThat portion of the combustion air that is supplied to the zone of combustion in excess of that which is theoretically required for complete combustion.

Dilution AirThe ambient air that is admitted to a venting system at a draft control device.

An acronym meaning British Thermal Unit. This is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one pound of fresh water by one degree Fahrenheit.

A gas volume measurement in relation to cubic feet. Utility companies will use the gigajoule for billing purposes.

An acronym meaning thousands of BTUs per hour

An acronym meaning millions of BTUs per hour

Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)All comparisons are made at this standard. Standard temperature is 60°F, while standard pressure is atmospheric pressure at sea level (14.7 psia).

The number of BTUs contained in a specific volume of a fuel gas. The volume is generally stated in cubic feet. 

Also called a carburizing flame, this is a flame that is rich in fuel (gas), has a soft, lazy appearance and is predominately yellow.

The uniting of gas with the oxygen in the air whereby all of the hydrogen and carbon in the fuel is converted to water and carbon dioxide respectively.

That portion of the gas line that extends down vertically from the gas line to connect the appliance. The drop usually includes a gas cock and dirt pocket. 

All of the gas piping or tubing that is installed to connect the appliance to the gas line downstream of the appliance shutoff valve. This portion of the piping is not included in the initial pressure test, and will be tested as per 6.22.3.

Usually considered to be a quarter turn tapered plug valve without an attached handle

Polyethylene gas piping. The only approved plastic gas piping. For use on underground systems only.

All gas piping or tubing that, after installation, is pressuretested and inspected. In general terms, the gas piping that extends from the gas meter and terminates at the appliance gas cock or shutoff valve. This section of piping is subject to a pressure test and inspection.

The portion of the gas distribution system that extends from the gas main located in the street and terminates at the outlet of the gas meter.

A three-elbow threaded piping configuration to allow for pipe movement when piping is travelling through the ground and up into a structure such as a building 

A fitting containing two female threaded halves and a collar that holds them together. The union is used as the final connection in a piping system serving an appliance. The use of a union eliminates the need for left- and right-handed threaded fittings.

Underground gas piping within a customer's yard site. From the outlet of the meter to various outbuildings 

Plastic (PVC or PE) coating applied to steel pipe and that offers corrosion protection for buried gas pipe. 

A condition in which the flames at the burner are caused to exit the combustion chamber openings for the burner.

Also known as flame propagation. The speed at which a flame will burn along a stationary column of air/gas mixture.

The minimum temperature at which a substance has reached a sufficient concentration to form an ignitable mixture with air.

A condition in which the flame speed exceeds the gas/air mixture speed and the flame burns back inside the burner to the orifice.

To encroach or to touch. When a flame impinges on a combustion chamber, the flame touches the combustion chamber

A condition in which the gas/air mixture speed exceeds the flame speed to the extent that the flame is forced off the burner.

A flame that is neither rich in fuel (gas) nor oxygen (air)

A flame that is rich in oxygen (air) and having a hard, sharp, predominately blue appearance.

Carbon in the fuel that has not been completely burned, leaving a solid residue.

Gas pressures up to and including 14 inches (350 mm) of water column, or 0.5 psig (3.50 kPa).

Gas pressures above 14 inches (350 mm) of water column, or 0.5 psig (3.50 kPa)

The pressure in the gas line when NO gas is flowing. The service regulator will lock up, causing a slightly higher pressure than the standing pressure.

The pressure in the appliance manifold when the appliance is operating. The connection point for the manometer is downstream of the appliance regulator, or at a tapping directly on the manifold.

The pressure in the gas line when gas is flowing to the pilot and main burner(s). In other words, when the appliance is operating. The connection point for the manometer is downstream of the service regulator and immediately upstream of the appliance regulator. 

The pressure in the gas line when gas is flowing only to the pilot burner. The connection point for the manometer is downstream of the service regulator and immediately upstream of the appliance regulator.

 liquefied petroleum gases.

A burner that is equipped with a mechanical device to supply combustion air.