Transmission
Routes

undercooked meat

spefically beef and poultry where bacteria like Salmonella and E. coli can thrive

contamnated produce

Fruits and vegetables grown in contaminated soil or irrigated with polluted water can become infected

untreated or contaminated water

drinking water not properly filtered or disinfected can be a source of Giardia, Entamoeba histolytica and various other virsuses and bacteria

improper handwashing

failure to wash hands properly after going to the bathroom or before preparing food

improper food handlng

not washing your hands suffiecently, using contaminated utensils, not storing food in the correct temperature to prevent bacterial growth

comtaminated surfaces

shared surfaces in public spaces (cutting boards, doorknobs) can harbor pathogens that tranfer to the mouth via hands

inadequate sanitation

communities or households without proper waste disposal systems and clean water can spread pathogens in water and food

healthcare settings

GI infection can spread rapidly in hospitals, clinics and nursing homes if proper hygiene isn't maintained

schools and daycare centers

children often don't have the most developed hygiene habits so GI infections are commonly spread through shared items and surfaces

crowded living conditions

Due to limited access to sanitation and hygiene resources in refugee camps and overcrowded urban areas, GI infections can occur more easily