How does the Internet work?

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TCP

Routers

On the Internet, there is no central location of it. It is made up of billions of servers, routers, and networks. The internet follows rules (called protocols) that govern how computing devices that connect to the internet "talk” to each other.

Latency

The Internet transfers data by using "binary code", which forms basically by 0s and 1s. Where it's translated after.

TCP (transmission control protocol) breaks down the information you wish to send into packets. Those packets are then forwarded across the internet Once they are received by the IP address they were sent to, their TCP reassembles the packets in the correct order.

Centralized Network

ISP's

If the center goes down, we lose all connectivity between devices.

SMTP

HTTP

TCP/IP

Protocols are the official rules and sets of procedures that computers follow to make sure that other computers know how to read and transmit the data being sent.

Step 1:

A computing device is a physical artifact that can run a program. Some examples include computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): This is the protocol for sending emails; when you hit "send" on your email, SMTP makes sure it gets to the right email server.

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): This is the protocol for your web pages; it's how your computer asks a web server to send a webpage so you can see it in your browser.

If a part of this network goes down, the devices can still be connected through other device routes.

A computing system is a group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose.

Step 4:

Step 3:

Step 2:

Data is broken down into packets.

Distributed Network

Computer network

Internet Moving Data

The Internet is a physical system that was made to move binary code between computers.

Cable:

Dial Up:

Satellite

3G,4G,5G

This service is most commonly used with mobile phones, and it connects wirelessly through your ISP's network.

Packets contain the binary code for the data, the IP address of where it came from, and the IP address of where it is going.

Packets are pieces of binary information that have been formed from digital data. Which are used to send and receive pieces of information (texts, documents, images, videos, etc.

Bandwidth

Latency is how long it takes data to travel between its source and destination, measured in milliseconds (ms)

It uses a broadband connection and can be faster than both via cable.

Packets are assembled again ready to be displayed

This is generally the slowest type of Internet connection, It uses the phone line to connect to the internet.

Computing system

Computing device

End to end connectivity

(Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): These are the main building blocks of the internet; they help computers find each other and make sure data gets delivered correctly.

Packets might arrive out of order but arrive to the right reciever.

Physical Infrastructure

Packets

The electrical signals can travel over different types of transmission mediums throughout its journey, including: Copper Cables Optical Fibers Wireless

End to end connectivity is a principle that anyone can connect to the Internet and communicate with anyone else on another "end" at any time.

A computer network is a group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data. A computer network is a type of computing system.

The Internet is a global network of billions of computers and other electronic devices.

A router is a type of computer that forwards data across a network path, towards the IP address of the intended receiver.

it connects to the Internet through satellites orbiting the Earth. As a result, it can be used almost anywhere in the world,

Packets are sent along the Internet.

To describe the number of bits we can send in a fixed amount of time, we use bandwidth.

In order to connect to the global network, you first need to get access to it through an Internet Service Provider (ISP).

How does the Internet work?

Protocols

Infrastructure

Connections

Networks