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Archaeplastida -primary plastids
Common Ancestor of Chlorophytes, Charophytes, and Land Plants
Common Ancestor of Charophytes and Land Plants
Land Plants -sporic life cycle -embryos -apocal meristems -gametangia -sporangia -dessication-resistant spores
Common Ancestor of Seedless Vascular Plants -lignin -xylem and phloem -leaves -dominant sporophyte generation -thick waxy cuticle -stomata
Common Ancestor of Monilophytes, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms -megaphylls
Gymnosperms -endosperm -heterospory -wood -pollen
Bald Cypress
Scots Pine
Angiosperms -flowers -fruit -ovules -ovaries -seed -pollen
White Water Lily
Southern Magnolia
Monilophytes
Eastern Marsh Fern
Lycophytes
Fan Clubmoss
Hornworts
Field Hornwort
Mosses
Wooly Feather Moss
Liverworts
Common Livewort
Charophytes
Braun's Stonewort
Chlorophytes
Rhodophytes
Unikonta
Opisthokonta -single posterior flagellum
Fungi -absorptive heterotrophy -chitin cell wall -zygotic life cycle -multicellular
Nucleariids
Fly Agaric
Common ancestor of Animals and Choanoflagellates -mobility -gametic life cycle -complex organ systems -multicellular
Choanoflagellates
Common Ancestor of Animals and Choanoflagellates
Eumetazoa -has tissues
Bilateria -bilateral symmetry -triploblasty
Protostomia -spiral and determinate cleavage -blastopore becomes mouth -cephalization
Ecdysozoa -ecdysis -cuticle
Arthropoda -Ubx and abd-A Hox genes
Hexapoda
Monarch Butterfly
Crustacea
Chesapeake Blue Crab
Chelicerata -presence of chelicerae
Southern Black Widow
Nematoda
Roundworm
Lophotrochozoa -trochophore or lophophore
Mollusca -mantle -foot -visceral mass
Bivalvia -divided into two halves
Soft Shell Clam
Cephalopoda -no hard shell
Humboldt Squid
Gastropoda -cilia
Golden Apple Snail
Platyhelminthes -flatworms -acoelomates
Rabditophorans
Free Living Rhabditophorans
Pseudobiceros sp.
Trematoda -parasites
Sheep Liver Fluke
Cestoda -parasites
Pork Tapeworm
Annelida -body resembles fused rings
Common Earthworm
Deuterostomia -radial and intermediate cleavage -blastopore becomes anus
Echinodermata -water vascular system
Common Ancestor of Echinoidea and Holothuroidea
Holothuroidea -lack spines
California Sea Cucumber
Echinoidea -no arms
Purple Sea Urchin
Common Ancestor of Asteroidea and Ophiurodea
Ophiurodea -flexible arms
Serpent Star
Asteroidea -arms with tube feet that resemble suction cups
Giant Sea Star
Chordata -notochord -hollow dorsal nerve -post-anal tail -pharyngeal slits
Common Ancestor -vertebrae -cranium -cartilaginous skeleton
Common Ancestor of Chondrichthyes -jaws
Common Ancestor -lungs/lung derivatives -bony skeleton
Common Ancestor -lobed fins
Common Ancestor -limbs with digits
Common Ancestor of Reptilia and Mammalia -amniotic egg -endothermy
Mammalia -milk -hair
American Black Bear
Reptilia
Roseate Spoonbill
American Alligator
Green anole
Green Sea Turtle
Amphibia
Red-Eyed Tree Frog
Lobe-Finned Fishes
Leopard Lung Fish
Coelacanth
Ray-Finned Fishes
Blue Tang
Chondrichthyes
Great White Shark
Agnathans -cartilaginous skeleton
Pacific Hagfish
Urochordata -tunicates
Sea Squirt
Cephalochordata -lancelets
Branchiostoma lanceolatum
Cnidaria -radial symmetry -diploblasty
Scyphozoa -produce a medusa
Moon Jelly
Hydrozoa -alternate between polyp and medusa
Pennaria disticha
Anthozoa -only polyps
Elkhorn Coral
Profiera
Giant Barrel Sponge
Amoebozoa -pseudopodia that extend like tubes
Slime Molds
SAR
Rhizaria -filose pseudopodia
Foramnifera
Radiolorans
Common Ancestor -secondary plastids
Alveolates -or tertiary plastids -membranous vesivles on cell membrane
Dinflagellate
Stramenopila -tripartite flagellar hair
Diatoms
Giant Kelp
Excavata -feeding groove -secondary plastids
Euglenoids
