COMMUNICATIVE PROFICIENCY
Canale and Swain
GRAMMATICAL
COMPETENCE
Focus is on accurate
and precise use of language and
application of linguistic conventions
Selection of relevant vocabulary
Pronounciation, spelling and punctuation
Structural competence. Knowledge
ABOUT the language
SOCIO-LINGUISTIC
COMPETENCE
Ability to select linguistic elements
to suit the social context of the communication
Sensitivity to cultural norms
Sensitivity to register -
formal / informal
STRATEGIC
COMPETENCE
Compensatory strategies for
breakdowns in communication
UIse
¿cómo se dice .....?
¿Qué significa .......?
Use a dictionary
Adjust the message to keep it
within the confines of what is known
Use paraphrase
Use approximation
DISCOURSE
COMPETENCE
Ability to combine ideas so that
they flow smoothly and logically
Appropriate use of cohesive devices - pronouns, conjunctions, adverbs
Noam Chomsky
COMPETENCE
Linguistic knowledge
PERFORMANCE
Ability to make appropriate use of that knowledge