Grades in Education
History
1890s
Industrial Revolution
Education rate increase
Elementary education by law
William Farish
WILLIAM
Explanation
H S I
A B C D F
Bell Curve / standard deviation
Todays Debate
Alphie Kohn
KOHN
Requirement
student to teacher ratio
specific subject evaluation
creation of standard
international representation
Factors
Motivation
GPA competition
Honors/non
effecting GPA by percentage
SHAW
Cash for grades
GEEWAX
grades over learning
CALVIN
Cheating and Plagearism
MENDOZA
Ineffective Punishment
Assessment
Grades != knowledge
BOWERS
Varriance
Teachers
STARCH (math data)
attendence
participation
Liking students
WASHINGTON
tech correlations
COOK
Good (corporate)Workers
WIRTH
other
Selling Grade Vouchers
BONNER
Student Appeals
GOMEZ
Grade Inflation
Definition
Across the board increase
RAMPELL
Score Minimums
WILONSKY
Irish situation
HANLEY
Variables
Cultural Bias
Test Anxiety
PENN
Learnign Disabilities
Other
Uses
College
Business
FLYNN
Medicine
Teacher Pay
FELDMAN
Solution
Standardize assessment
Knowledge Focus
Seperation of skills
knowledge
attendence
work habits
etc
Money
more teachers
educated teachers
incentives