Cell Division & Cell Cycle

Diploid somatic cells (2 of each chromosome of a parent cell & 2 alleles)

Asexual Reproduction

Prokaryotic

Binary fission, DNA is copied & cells divide

Controlled by certain genes, cell duplicates & splits to form 2 identical daughter cells

Replacement Body Cells

Uncontrolled growth/copying = cancer, neurological disorders

Meiosis

Meiosis I

Prophase I

1. Laptotene (Chromosomes begin to condense)

2. Zygote (Homologous chromosomes pair)

3. Pachytene (Synapsis is complete, crossing over takes place, leads to genetic variation)

4. Diplotene (Chromosomes are unsynapsed, the cell divides)

5. Diakinesis (Chromosomes fully condensed, nuclear membrane disintegrates, bivalent prepared for metaphase I)

Metaphase I

Anaphase I

Independent assortment occurs

Telophase I

Meiosis II

Prophase II

Metaphase ll

Anaphase ll

Telophase ll

Haploid gametes (1 of each chromosome of a parent (Germ) cell & one of a given allele)

Sexual Reproduction

Eukaryotic

Nondisjunction

Testes, ovaries & anther

Interphase

Gl Phase

S Phase

G2 Phase

Interphase

Gl Phase

S Phase

G2 Phase

M Phase (Mitosis Phase)

Karyokinesis

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

Cytokinesis

Daughter cells