TENSE

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

STRUCTURE

AFFIRMATIVE

Subject + verb to be + verb in gerund + complement

EXAMPLE

I am listening to music

NEGATIVE

Subject + verb to be + not + gerund verb + complement

EXAMPLE

You are not listening to music

INTERROGATIVE

Verb to be + subject + gerund verb + complement?

EXAMPLE

Is he listening to music?

DESCRIBE ACTIONS OCCURRING IN THE MOMENT

Verbs ending in –ie instead place a and + -ing.

SIMPLE PAST

STRUCTURE

AFFIRMATIVE

subject + verb in the past + complement

EXAMPLE

I enjoyed the tour

NEGATIVE

Subject + didn’t / did not + verb in its simple form + complement

EXAMPLE

She did not go to the restauran

INTERROGATIVE

Did + subject + verb in its simple form + complement +?

EXAMPLE

Did you enjoy your fly?

USE

indicate that an activity started and ended at a specific point

list a series of actions that were completed in the past

to talk about an action that lasted in the past

PAST CONTINUOUS

STRUCTURE

AFFIRMATIVE

Subject + was / were + -ing form of verb + complement

EXAMPLE

Your dog was playing with its toys when I arrived

NEGATIVE

Subject + was / were + not + -ing form of verb + complement

EXAMPLE

I was not studying Physics at that time.

INTERROGATIVE

Was / Were + subject + -ing form of the verb + complement?

EXAMPLE

Were you eating candies when I entered the room?

PRESENT SIMPLE

verbs whose ending is –o, -sh, -ch, -ss, -x, -z, add –es

STRUCTURE

INTERROGATIVE

Auxiliary do / does + subject + verb + complement

EXAMPLE

I eat a lot of fruits

Subtopic

Subtopic

NEGATIVE

Subject + auxiliary do / does not + verb + complement

EXAMPLE

I do not eat a lot of fruits

AFFIRMATIVE

Subject + verb + complement

EXAMPLE

Do I eat a lot of fruits?

USE

To talk about actions that are not limited to a specific moment

Likes and dislikes

Wishes and feelings

PRESENT PERFECT

STRUCTURES

AFFIRMATIVE

Subject + auxiliary HAVE or HAS + past participle + complement

EXAMPLE

I
have talked
to the doctor

NEGATIVE

Subject + Auxiliary verb (have) + Not + Verb in participle + Complement

EXAMPLE

I have not watched that movie

INTERROGATIVE

Auxiliary verb (have / has) + Subject + Verb in participle + Complement

EXAMPLE

Have I lost my wallet?

use

To indicate that this is what we are talking about, words like "just", "already", "yet", "recently", "lately" are used

To talk about actions that began in the past and continue to the present

ESMERALDA MARTINEZ NUÑEZ