Topic 2: Periodic Table

General Trends

Atomic radii

Ionic radii

Electronegativity

Ionization energy

Metalloids (G13)

Solid at room temperature

Semi-conductive

Ductile & malleable

Alkaline earth metals (G2)

Soft, silver metals

Reaction

MCO3(s) → MO(s) + CO2(g)

2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s)

Mg(s) + H2O(g) → MgO(s) + H2(g)

Halogens (G17)

Reacitivity decreases down the group

Strong smell

Form halide when react with less electronegative elements

HX (aq) + H2O (l) → X- (aq) + H3O+ (aq)

Exist as diatomic molecules

Poor conductors of electricity

Noble gases (G18)

Inert (Non- reactive)

Monoatomic

Colourless

Alkali metals (G1)

Easy to cut

Shiny when freshly cut

Reaction

with halogens to form halides e.g. NaOH

with water to form hydroxides and hydrogen e.g. KOH

with oxygen to form oxides e.g. Li2O

Transition Metals (G3 - G12)

High melting & boling point

High electrical conductivity

Malleable