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Substance which reduce surface tension at the interface of 2 normally immersible phases which allowing them to mix

Functions:

1) Promotes stability of the system

2) Stabilize the aerated system

3) Control the agglomeration of fats globule

4) Modify the texture

5) Increase the shelf-life of the products

6) Improve the texture of fat-based products

Formation of Emulsion:

Requires the dispersion of one phase into small droplets

By homogenization- dispersed phase is broken into small droplets

Factors that effect emulsion stability

1) Droplets size

2) Change in pH or ionic strength

3) Type of emulsifier

4) Viscocity

5) Concentration of emulsifier

Types:

Oil-in-Water (O/W) Emulsion:

Oil-in-Water (O/W) Emulsion:

oil droplets are dispersed in continuous water phase.

mayonnaise

mayonnaise

milk

milk

cream

cream

Water-in-Oil (W/O) Emulsion:

Water-in-Oil (W/O) Emulsion:

water droplets are dispersed in continuous oil phase

margerine

margerine

salad dressing

salad dressing

spread

spread