Ions & Ion Formations

A negative charged ion (-) and
an atom that gains electrons.
an atom that

Examples:
O2-
Cl-
N3-
( it always have a negative sign)

An atom that will gain or lose electrons
until they have achieved a shell with 8
electrons in total.

These are elements that form one kind of ion.

Examples:
Ca2+
Al3+
S2-
F-

These are elements that can make
more than one kind of ions.

Example:
Au+ or Au3+
Sn2+ or Sn4+
Fe2+ or Fe3+
Pb2+ or Pb4+

A positively charged ion ( +) and
an atom that lost electrons.

Examples:
Mg2+
Al3+
Na+
( it always has a positive sign)

It considers how many electrons were lost
or gained for the ion when writing the
configuration.

Examples:
Sodium:
Na: 1s(2)2s(2)2p(6)3s(1)=11e-
Na: 1s(2)2s(2)2p(6)=10e- ( lost 1e-)

Stands for INTERNATIONAL UNION OF
PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY. Its how the
chemists name chemical compounds.

IUPAC RULES - Monoatomic Ions

Anion (-): Name of the element and change the suffix to
-ide and add ion to the end.

For example:
O2- = oxide ion
Cl- = chloride ion
F- = fluoride ion

Cation (+): Name of the element and add ion to the end.

For example :
Mg2+ = magnesium ion
Na+ = sodium ion
Be2+ = beryllium ion

IUPAC RULES - Multivalent Ions

Use Roman numerals in brackets to indicate which ion it is. NAME( element name) (Roman numerals) IONS(end it with ion)

For example:
Au+ = Gold (l) ion or Au3+= Gold (lll) ion
Sn2+= Tin (ll) ion or Sn4+= Tin (lV) ion

Roman Numeral Equivalents:
1= l
2=ll
3=lll
4=lV
5=V

IUPAC RULES- Polyatomic Ions

Examples:
Sulfur:
SO42- = sulfate ion
SO32-= Sulfite ion
Chlorine:
ClO2= Chlorite ion
ClO3 = chlorate ion

Made of more than one kind of atom. A package
where the entire package has a charge
and contain with oxygen.

Example:
(PO4)3-: 1 phosphorus, 4 oxygen, charge 3-
(OH)-: 1 oxygen, 1 hydrogen, charge 1-
(NO3)-: 1 nitrogen, 3 oxygen, charge 1-