Macro-molecules

Monosaccharides are it's monomers

Composed of C, H, O

C6, H12, O6

Functions

Quick Energy

Energy Storage

Structure

Examples

Sugars

Glucose

Starch

Plant

Glycogen

Animal

Fructose

Sucrose

Maltose

Starches

Cellulose (Cell Walls)

Glycogen

Steroids

Characteristics

Always in a 1:2:1 ratio

Triglycerides are it's Monomers

Composed of C, H, O

Functions

Energy Storage

Cushion Organs

Insulates body

Examples

Fats

Saturated Fats

All C's bonded to H's

No C=C double bond

Long, straight fatty acid chains

Solid at room temperature

Unsaturated fats

C=C double bond in fatty acid chains

Plants & Fish fats

Vegetable oils

Liquid at room tempurature

Oils

Phospholipids

Waxes

Characteristics

It is Non-polar

It doesn't like water

Nucleotides are it's Monomers

Composed of C, H, O, Nitrogen, & Phosphorus

Functions

Hormones

Movement

Immune System

Enzymes

Examples

RNA

Ribonucleic Acid

DNA

Deoxyribonnucleic Acid

Characteristics

It's double helix

It is composed of 3 parts

A base

A pentose sugar

A phosphate group

Amino Acids are it's monomer

Composed of C, H, O, & Nitrogen

Functions

Hormones

Insulin

Movement

Muscle

Immune System

Protect against germs

Enzymes

Help chemical reaction

Examples

Muscle

Fingernail, claws

Skin

Hair

Enzymes

Pepsin

Hormones

Insulin

Characteristics

4 parts of Protein Structure

Primary Structure

Sequence of amino acids

Secondary Structure

Chains coil or fold

Tertiary Structure

Attraction between the alpha helices & the beta sheets

Quaternary Structure

One or more chains bonded together