Reactions

Hydrocarbons

Alkane

sp3 hybridization
Single bonds

Alkene

sp2 hybridization
Double bonds

+H2O

Alcohols

-H2O

Primary

First oxidation

Aldehyde

Second oxidation

Carboxylic acid

Reduction

Condensation

Amide/polyamide

Hydrolysis

Reduction

Secondary

Oxidation

Ketone

Reduction

Tertiary

No reaction

Condensation

Ester/polyester

Hydrolysis

+HX (Substitution)

Addition

Polyalkene

+X2 or HX

Haloalkane

Alkyne

sp hybridization
Triple bonds

Aromatic compounds

Benzene rings

+H2 (addition)

Amines (N instead of C)