Task Analysi Domain in ID

Operational components of a job, skill, goal, or objective

Skills, tasks, goals should be taught

sequence of tasks to be taught or performed

phychological activities involved in task, goal or skill

intelectual

Knowledge

Physical

attitudinal behaviors

scope of a task, skill or goal

Look-and-see - observation

Structure of the knowledge - Hierchical approach

critical incident approach

Process/desicion flowchart - Information processing approach

consumer research techniques - surveying, interviewing

Integral part of the ISD

Most ID models include it

One of the most ambious in the ID process

Target of the task analysis

Analyzing job task - procedural in nature

Analyzingcomplex learning tasks

Subject matter content - for a course

Situations or context of use

Higher education

Training in Industry

Management development

Varying levels of the performers

Miller(1962) _: TA is an art

Military conceptions: standarized set of operations

Pervade the four levels of ID (Romiszowski, 1981)

Course level-overal objectives defined

Lesson Level - objectives refined, sequenced, and entry levels specified

Instructional event - detailed behaviors classified

Learning step - tasks statements elaborated as individual steps are identified

breakdown of performance into levels of specificity

front end analysis

descriptio of mastery criteria

breakdown of job tasks into steps

(consideration of the potential worth of solving performance problems (Harless, 1979)

BEHAVIORAL JOB ANALYSIS

- set of processes that evolved from the the industrial revolution- Elemental behaviors involved in performing a job.

CONTENT/SUBJECT MATTER ANALYSIS

50's dominant curriculum planning tool. Analysis of subject matter constructs, and their interrelantionships

LEARNING ANALYSIS

60's. Focus on covert mental operations requiered to perform a task.

TECHNIQUES

LEARNING HIERARCHY ANALYSI/S/Prerequisite analysis

PROCEDURAL ANALYSIS

INFORMATION PROCESSING ANALYSIS (IPA)

PATH ANALYSIS

1-Inventoring tasks and content

Identify/generate general relevant tasks for further instructional devep.

2-Describing tasks, learining and content

Elaborate/describe components of tasks, goals or objectives identified in 1

3-Selecting tasks

Choose tasks the learners need to know prior to training and which are feasable to train

4-Sequencing tasks and tasks components

Indicate the sequence in which the instruction should occur

5-Analyzing performance and content level

- Describe the type of information processing, mental behavior , or physical performance to accomplish the task

Classify into learning taxonomies

Bloom 1956

Gagne 1966, 1977

Information

Defined concepts

Concrete concepts

Principles

Problem Solving

Cognitive strategies

Attitudes

Motor skills

Merrill 1983

Facts

Procedures

Concepts

Rules

Principles

Writting of instructional or behavioral objectives

It's a product nor a process

NA perform to set goals or standards.TA what gets taught or trained

NA generates goals. TA generates the content and sequence of instruction

NA produces macro level goals to trigger TA

NA determine optimals for goal setting. TA seeks optimals to asess how a job task should be done in order to develop instruction

NA preceeds TA

NA determines that a need exists. TA analysis the need for developing instruction indicated in the NA

NA comprises task inventory, less freq. task selection by determining optimals, actuals, and feelings

TA larger process that does not depend on NA

Diversity of task being analyzed

Instructional situation

Designer's experience and training

Instructional development model applied

Types of TA already completed

Job Task Analysis or Learning Task Analysis

Scope of the Analysis

Micro

Relativily small portion of instruciton

Macro

Unit or course level analysis

Implied sequence behavior

Top-down task analysis

Content or concept analysis

Elaboration theory

Bottom-up task analysis techniques

Learning analysis - Learnign Hierachy Analysis

Procedural task analysis techniques

Behavioral analysis and Mathetics