The School of Translators of Toledo
The flourishing translation activity that took place during the twelveth and thirteenth centuary in Spain
Origin
Toledo was a city full of knowledge
Schollars arrived to study with the manuscripcts that were in the city
Alfonso Vi conquers Toledo and made it into a center of intercultural exchange
Many of the muslims leave the city, but their language stills
Mozarabic and jewishes that knew the languge were able to read in latin
Toledo becames the hub of the transalation
Continuing with the studies of Baghdad's school
Evolution
XII Century
Language
It was mainly from arab to Latin
Dominated by the Church
Translators worked in the name of Church
Censoring
Some historical references (mostly arabian) were judged and avoided
Elitism
The translation was used to exchange information instead of pupolarizing it
Function
Incorporate foreing knowledge into a latin framework
Translation
Translators were more concernet with enhancing their own knowledge
Translation strategies
Transliteration
Semantic Borrowings
Abbreviations
XIII Century
Language
People started to translate to spanish verniculair
Desentralization of Traduction
Being a memeber of eclesiastic stablishments wasn't a condition to transalte
The translation served a secular patron (sponsored)
Censoring
The corrections and historical references took Arab more into account.
Translation into Castilian Spanish
Function
Forge a Spanish culture on the basis of this stroehouse of knowledge
Translation
Alfonso X says that texts should be easy to understand
"Terminological" Research
Influences
Centred on philosophical and scientifc Greek and Arab achivements
Medicine
Maths
Astronomy
Astrology
Striking Imbalance
Different states of knowledge in the source culture and the receiving culture
New Translation and creation
Dissemination of knowledge
XII Century
Envirroment and working methods favoured the spread of knowledge
XIII Century
The practice of translation
Subdivision into separated functions
"The study of creation, dissemination and popularization in relation to the work of the Toledo translators raises the issue of the appropiation of knowledge through translation."