Genetic principles
Protein
A protein is made by amino acid blocks and its function is to make "Structures" for our body for example Hair. The proteins Perform most of our daily life functions
CNV
CNV is when different people have a different number of copies of a gene or other section of DNA.
"Genetic variants, including insertions, deletions, and duplications of segments of DNA, are also collectively referred to as CNVs." (National Cancer institute)
Genomics
Genotype
Genotype is the genetic information that an organism possesses, in the form of DNA.
The genomics are the studies of the genetic material.
Gene
A gene is a segment of DNA that makes proteins.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is the process of making new proteins using the instruccions given by the genes.
Allele
An allele is a version of a gene (Like a copy), A person have 2 alleles for every gene. One Allele come from the father and the other one from the mother
homozygous
When the alleles of a gene are the same
heterozygous
When the alleles of a gene are different
The genetic principles are the rules or standards about the biological phenomenon of heredity, all this is based on the information passed from parents to children through DNA using units called Genes. Apart from that, changes in the genes or DNA itself in a single individual also fall into this category.
Metabolites
Metabolites are chemical sustances produced by the body using sugars, fats, and proteins to make energy. It also helps to get rid of some toxic substances
Phenotypic trait
It is an attribute that comes from DNA and that can be heritable (For example the colors of the eyes). This can be altered by environmental factors
Environmental Factors
It is when a trait is altered by environmental conditions
SNPs
Single nucleotide polymorphisms are changes on a single DNA Base that just 1 percent of a population have.
Epigenetics
Epigenetics are the estudies of change in phenotype in the underlying on DNA sequence.
DNA
Definition
Deoxyribonucleic acid is our genetic material that controls the genes and is inside of a chromosome, it have 4 parts: Thymine, Adanine, Cytosine and Guanine.
DNA methylation
When a a piece of DNA got a chemical addiction that turns a part off or on.
DNA Mutation
DNA mutation is a when DNA got a change on its secuence.
Recessive Diseases
Recessive Diseases are those that are inherited by 2 copys of a gene with DNA mutation.
Dominant Diseases
Dominant diseases are those that are inherited by a copy of a gene with a DNA mutation
