Diversity of life concept map

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INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY

av Joyce Ositelu

Photosynthesis

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Maths SATs Revision Topics

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Pollution

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Floating topic

Creuarchaeota

Psychrophiles

Thermoacidophiles

Euryarchaeota

Halophiles

Methanogens

Kingdom Eubacteria

Structure

Cell wall

Cytoplasm

Plasmid

Chromosomes

Pilli

Ribosome

Example: Photoautotrophs Green sulfur bacteria (Chlorobi)

Example: Parasites Scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei)

Respiration

Obligate Anaerobes

Faculatative Aerobes

Obligate Aerobes

Arrangement

Strapto

Streptococcus

Staphylo

Staphylococcus

Diplo

Diplococci

Shape

Spirillium (spiral)

Treponema denticola

Bacillus (rod-shaped)

Escherichia coli

Coccus (round)

Staph aureus

Common Ancestors

Eukaryotes - unicellular but mostly multi cellular organisms - Organisms in Domain Eukarya - More complex cells with nucleus and membrane bound organelles. - Size: 10um-100um - Various compartments with specialized functions - Are essential to all ecosystems and living organisms. - Have linear chromosomes - Can reproduce sexually and assexually

DOMAIN EUKARYA

Kingdom Fungi

Ascomycota

Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Basidiomycota

Fly agaric Amanita muscaria

Glomeromycota

Mycorrhizae A symbiotic relationship

Chitridiomycota

Rhizophydium sphaerotheca

Zygomycota

Bread Molds Rhizopus stolonifer

Kingdom Plantae

Angiosperms (Flowering Plants)

Monocots

Tiger lily Lilium lancifolium

Dicots

Common sunflowers Helianthus annuus

Gymnosperms (Conifers)

Jack pine Pinus banksiana

Mechanisms of Pollination

Wind Pollination

Animal Pollination

Cross Pollination

Self Pollination

Lycophytes and Pterophytes (Ferns)

Xylem Vessel

Phloem Vessel

Ostrich Fern Matteuccia struthiopteris

Bryophytes (Mosses and Liverworts)

Pincushion moss Leucobryum glaucum

Kingdom Protista

Characteristics

Reproduction

Binary Fission (Asexual)

Conjugate (Sexual)

Movement

Flagella

Cilia

Pseudopods

Nutrition

Parasites ie. Flagellates

Saprotrophs ie. Slime Moulds

Heterotrophs ie. Amoeba

Autotrophs ie. Eulgena

Fungi-like

Slime Moulds Dictyostelium discoideum

Oomycete (Water Moulds)

Animal-like

Flagellates Mixotricha paradoxa

Ciliates Paramecium caudatum

Amoeba proteus

Plant-like

Diatoms Thalassiosira pseudonana

Dinoflagellates Oxyrrhis marina

Green, Red and Brown Algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Euglena Euglena gracilis

Kingdom Anamalia

Colonial choanoflagellates ancestors

No nerves

Porifera

Demospongiae

Nerves

Radial Symmetry

Echinodoermata

Starfish Fromia monilis

Cnidaria

Crystal jelly Aequorea victoria

Bilateral Symmetry

Deutrerosomes

Chordata

Invertebrates

Subphyla Cephalochordata

Lancelet Branchiostoma lanceolatum

Subphyla Urochordata

Tunicate Ciona intestinalis

Subphylum Vertebrata

Class Aves

King penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus

Class Amphibia

Mexican axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum

Class Osteichthyes

Kelp Rockfish Sebastes atrovirens

Class Reptilia

American alligator Alligator mississippiensis

Class Chondrichthyes

White Shark Carcharadon carcharias

Class Mammalia

Major Groupings

Placentals

Human beings Homo sapiens

Marsupials

Kangaroos Macropus rufus

Monotremes

Platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus

Orders

Rodentia

Guinea pig Cavia porcellus

Bat

Common noctule Nyctalus noctula

Carnivora

Labrador Retriever Canis familiaris

Class Agnatha

Pouched lamprey Geotria australis

Protostomes

Platyhelminthes

Monogenea

Rotifera

Conochilus unicornis

Mollusca

Colossal Squid Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni

Annelida

Medicinal Leech Hirudo medicinalis

Nematoda

Hookworm Ancylostoma caninum

Arthropoda

Subphlya Hexapoda

Class Insecta

Monarch butterfly Danaus plexippus

Subphyla Crustacea

Class Remipedia

Speleonectes tanumekes

Class Cephalocarida

Horseshoe Shrimps Triops longicaudatus

Class Malacostraca

American lobster Homarus americanus

Class Maxillopoda

Pelagic Gooseneck Barnacle Lepas anatifera

Class Branchiopoda

Brine shrimp Artemia salina

Class Ostracods

Seed shrimp Zonocypretta kalimna

Subphyla Chelicerata

Class Arachnida

Daddy long legs Pholcus phalangioides

Class Merostomata

Atlantic horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus

Subphyla Myriapoda

Class Chilopoda

Cryptopid Centipede Theatops californiensis

Class Diplopoda

Millipedes Illacme plenipes

Subphyla Trilobita

Beatle Fossil

Prokaryotes - Organisms in Domain Eubacteria and Domain Archaea (primitive) - Single celled organisms that lack membrane bound organelles, smallest organisms. - Size: 1um-2um - Dominant forms of life that live in every single habitat - Outnumber all living things on earth (their mass exceeds those of plants and animals) - Asexual reproduction

DOMAIN ARCHAEA

DOMAIN BACTERIA

Diversity of life "variety of life on Earth"

Ecosystems Biodiversity Variety of SMALLER ecosystems within a larger ecosystem and the relationships between them.

Species Biodiversity The variety of species and RELATIVE ABUNDANCE of the species in a given area.

What is a species? - All organisms capable of breeding freely with each other under natural conditions. - Species evolve over time and space and can change all together over many generations. (Evolutionary Changes)

Biology Ability of two organisms to produce fertile offspring together.

Phylogeny - Descendants from a common ancestors - Evolutionary history of organisms

Morphology Body, shape , size and other structural features of an organism.