Drugs Concept Map
Opioids
In addition, some states require physicians to report opioid-dependent patients to the government, regulate prescribing of Schedule II opioids more strictly, and limit the quantity of controlled substances that may be prescribed at one time.
Providing opioids to addicts is otherwise unlawful unless the physician is separately registered to treat addiction. State laws, while they permit prescribing of opioids for pain, do not provide affirmative recognition of the medical value of controlled substances.
Federal controlled substances law affirms the essential medical value of many drugs that are controlled substances, and states that opioids may be used for extended periods in treatment of patients with intractable pain.
Federal and state policy governing opioids is discussed in relation to achieving balance between efforts to control drug abuse and maintain drug availability for legitimate medical purposes.
Frequent mood swings
Behavior extremes
Rage and hostility
Feelings of low self-esteem
Paranoia and increases in fear
Confusion
Death resulting from toxicity or overdose.
Collapse of the respiratory system.
Impaired mental function.
Cardiovascular issues.
Lowered immunity
Liver and/or kidney disease or failure.
Short-Term
Coma
Nausea
Unconsciousness
Constipation
Slowed breathing
Drowsiness
the spinal cord, which receives sensations from the body before sending them to the brain. Here too, opioids decrease feelings of pain, even after serious injurie
the brainstem, which controls things your body does automatically, like breathing. Here, opioids can slow breathing, stop coughing, and reduce feelings of pain.
the limbic system, which controls emotions. Here, opioids can create feelings of pleasure, relaxation, and contentment.
Opiates work by binding to specific receptors in the brain, thus mimicking the effects of pain-relieving chemicals that are produced naturally.
pioid drugs bind to opioid receptors in the brain, spinal cord, and other areas of the body. They reduce the sending of pain messages to the brain and curb feelings of pain.
Semi-synthetic
Block busters
Red Devils
Pinke
Goof balls
Christmas trees
Yellow jackets
Tooies
Yellows
Blues
Reds
Birds
Phennies
Barbs
Heroin
Fentanyl
Hydromorphone
Oxycodone
Morphine
Hydrocodone
Methadone
Codeine
Psychedelics
The federal penalty for the first offense of LSD possession is a maximum of one year in prison or a minimum fine of $1,000
Their safety and efficacy exist only within highly structured specialized treatment settings
Psychedelics currently live in Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act, which is reserved for drugs with high abuse potential; no accepted medical use; and lack of safety even under medical supervision.
Within these trials, you need to have the specific intentions going into it. Your brain needs to be in the right space and that’s why not everyone should take it.
Once drugs are ingested, after some time senses of euphoria, distortion, color changes, and hallucinations can set in
when the drugs enter your bloodstream, the serotonin passageways get blocked off so the brain can uptake more of the substance ingested , thus creating a high
LSD, Psilocybin, Mescaline, and DMT all share similar properties to serotonin; a neurotransmitter in the brain,
-substance use disorder
-social withdrawal
suicidal thoughts
-depression
anxiety
Persistent psychosis
-visual disturbances
-disorganized thinking
-paranoia
-mood disturbances
HPPD
(Hallucinogen persisting perception
disorder)
-hallucinations
-visual disturbances
-neurological dis
-speech difficulties
-memory loss
-sweating
-headaches
-withdrawal syndrome
-audible hallucinations
-mild changes in perception
-cause the user to feel:
Disconnected to world, their
surroundings, and their own
body
Visual hallucinations
release of serotonin in the brain = euphoria, love,
increased awareness
distort reality
drastic changes in
sensory
dissociative
Hallucinogens
Lucy in the sky with diamonds
Clarity
Lovers speed
E
Molly
Mushies
Silly putty
Shrooms
Caps
Boomers
Heavenly blue
Tabs
Dots
Dissociatives
Salvia
DXM
Ketamine
PCP
Empathogens
MDMA
Serotenergic
Mescaline
LSD
DMT
GHB
Peyote
Acid
Psilocybin mushrooms
Main topic
Meth
Hyperthermia
Euphoric rush
Increased attention
Increased blood pressure
Decreased appetite
Faster Breahing
Violent behavior
Memory loss
Changes in brain function
Severe dental problems
Addiction
Extreme weight loss
The drug’s ability to rapidly release high levels of dopamine in reward areas of the brain strongly reinforces drug-taking behavior, making the user want to repeat the experience.
Methamphetamine creates more of the chemical dopamine in your brain.
These large amounts of dopamine can change the way the brain works and can lead you to look for the drug again and again.
Dopamine is involved in body movement, motivation, and reinforcement of rewarding behaviors.
It is unlawful for any person knowingly or intentionally to possess methamphetamine unless the substance was obtained directly from, or pursuant to, a valid prescription or order of a practitioner while acting in the course of professional practice, or except as otherwise authorized
Under a new law in Oregon, many people arrested with small amounts of illegal drugs will no longer be subject to felony charges
Methamphetamine in the United States is regulated under Schedule II of the Controlled Substances Act. It is approved for pharmacological use in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and treatment-resistant obesity, but it is primarily used as a recreational drug.
Crystal: refers to any form (chunks or fine or coarse powder) can be off-white to yellow in color
Ice: crystallized smokeable chunk of meth
Desoxyn: used to treat ADHD
Rocket fuel
Gak
Dunk
Cotton candy
Go fast
Tina
Chalk
Christina
Uppers
Tweek
Crank
Powerful stimulant
Inhalants
Long-Term
Bone marrow damage
Oxygen depletion, and inability to reabsorb oxygen
Kidney or liver damage and failure
Brain damage
Heart problems including fluid buildup, heart rhythm changes, or irregular heartbeat
Vision or hearing loss
Stupor
Muscle weakness
Lethargy
Impaired judgment or function in social groups
Delirium
Emotional changes, such as aggression, belligerence, apathy, depression, or irritability
Many brain systems may be involved in the anesthetic, intoxicating, and reinforcing effects of different inhalants.
Nitrites, in contrast, dilate and relax blood vessels rather than act as anesthetic agents.
Inhalants are chemical vapors that are breathed in on purpose to get high.
When inhaled, the fumes enter the bloodstream very quickly and the effects are felt after just a few seconds.
Inhalants are nervous system depressants. This means they slow down the workings of the brain
People who violate these laws are committing a Class C violation.
If a juvenile court finds a child abusing inhalants, they may order treatment and/or counseling resources.
A person may not use an inhalant to intoxicate another person.
It is unlawful for someone who possesses inhalants to use them for intoxication.
Solvents
Nail polish remover
Paint thinner
Gasoline
Fast drying glue
Correction fluid
Nitrites
Butane
Whipped cream
Helium
Freon
Aerosoles
Hair spray
Deodorant
Air Freshener
Spray paint
Whiteout
Whippets
Snappers
Rush
Poor man's pot
OZ
Moon gas
Crack
Hippie
Glad
Discorama
Chroming
Bold
Air blast
Asphyxiate gasses
Depressants
Caffeine
In the brain, this also causes blood vessels to dilate, most likely to let more oxygen into that organ during sleep.
This binding causes drowsiness by slowing down nerve cell activity. Caffeine ends up blocking these A1 receptors, repelling this drowsiness feeling.
Caffeine wakes you up by fooling adenosine receptors. ... As adenosine is created in the brain, it binds to adenosine receptors.
Withdrawal
Low energy
Irritable
Depressed
Anxiety
Fatigue
Headaches
Starts a dependance habit
Increased heart rate and respiratory rate
Restlesness
Insomnia
Bladder or pancreatic cancer
Esophegeal cancer
Raise blood pressure
when too much caffeine is consumed a day, then serious problems such as arrhythmia and heart attacks can occur.
Dependance
The FDA's official stance is that caffeine is safe for consumers up to 400mg/ daily.
It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug. Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world.
Stimulatnt
Pain relievers
Energy drink
Soda
Teas
Cold brews
Coffe
Brain juice
Bean juice
Jitter juice
Go juice
Cuppa
Jave
Mud
Dirt
Joe
Tobacco
Long-term
Cardiovascular disease
Thicken & narrow blood vessels
Damage that line blood cells
Buildup of plaque in blood vessels
Raise fat cells in blood
Lower cholesterol
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder
Later stages: blue or gray lips/fingernails, mental alertness wears down, very fast heartbeat, weight loss
Early stages: Nagging cough, shortness of breath, tightness in chest
Poison in tobacco can damage or change a cells DNA
Weakens body immune system & makes it harder to kill cancer cells
Short-term
Sores, lumps Patches
Tooth decay
Receding gums
Yellow/brown stains on teeth
Bad breathe & Taste
Chronic Cough
Bronchitis / Asthma
Addiction to nicotine
How it works
Epinephrine stimulates nervous system increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing
When entering the blood system nicotine stimulates the adrenal glands to releas epinephrine
Reward circuits are activated, soon afterwards dopamine is then released reinforcing behavior
Oregon Regulation
Colleges around have made it so its not allowed to smoke in school grounds
If in possession of tobacco products for those under the age of 21 could get in trouble with the law
Must be of 21 years of age to purchase and use tobacco products
Common forms
Birdis/Kreteks
E-Cigarettes
E-Hookah
Puff bars
Juul
Vape
Cigarretes
Snouts
Ciggies
Stogs
Cancer Stick
Cigars
Shisha
Snuff
Spit
Dip
Chew
Butts
Cigs
Smokes
Alcohol
Skeletal and muscle systems
Tubercolosis
Many cancer possibilities
Weakens immune system
Sexual reproductive health
Women: Infertility
FASD
Erectile dysfunction
Heart failure
Heart disease
Heart attack
Difficulty pumping blood
Central nervous system
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
Frontal Lobe damage
Numbness
Slurred speech
Sugar levels
Hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia
Inflammatory damage
Chronic liver inflammation/disease
Digestive and endocrine glands
Pancreatis
It is illegal for those under 21 to drive with any measurable alcohol in their
bodies
Illegal for those under 21 to buy alcohol or try to buy it.
Persons of any age under 21 may drink in a residence
○ parent or guardian must be present
○ parent or guardian must give the beverage to them
Alcohol laws permit adults (18+) to work as an alcohol server, as a bartender, or as a cashier in a store that sells alcohol.
Concerns
Long term
Irregular heartbeat
Stroke
Cardiomyopathy
High blood pressure
Many type of cancers
Steatosis
Liver fibrosis
Alcoholic Hepatitis
Trouble learning
Loss of attention span
Memory Loss
Diminished grey and white matter of brain
Short term
Vomiting
Passing out
Raised blood pressure
Reduced core body temperature
Mood Swings
Dulled perception
Loss of critical judgement
Loss of cordination
Trouble Concentrating
Lowered inhibitions
Everclear
Absinthe
Vodka
Tequila
Rum
Whiskey
Brandy
Gin
Sake
Mead
Hard cider
Wine
Beer
Classification
Street Names
Shine
Sauce
Poison
Subtopic
Jack
Juice
Goof
Cold one
Chug
Brew
Booze
Cannabis
How it affects organs/systems
Immune system
Weakened
Digestive system
Make nauseous or ease symptoms of nausea
Increase appetite
Central Nervous System
Control spasms and seizures
Ease pain and inflammation
Circulatory system
Increase heartbeat by 20-50 beats
Respiratory system
Increase risk of lung cancer
Respiratory illnesses
Irritate bronchial passages
Red Eyes
Pain relief
Effects brain receptors in the brain
Increase/decrease symptoms of depression and anxiety
Memory Problems
Impaired judgement
Boosts dopamine release
THC binding
Street names
Blunt
Boom
Chronic
Skunk
Herb
Mary Jane
Ganja
Dope
Grass
Weed
Reefer
Pot
Classifitcation
Hallucinogen
Depressant
Stimulant
Common Forms
Topicals
Sprays
Balms
Creams
Edibles
Gummies
Honey
Cookies
Concetrated: Oil, Wax, and shatter
Hash
Smoked
Bongs
Cigarettes/Cigars
Pipes
Regulation
Can only smoke at home and at private property
1 ounce carrying limit
Legal recreation use at 21 in Oregon, Nevada, California, Hawaii, Colorado, Michigan, Illinois, Maine, Vermont, Massachusetts
Effects
Positive
Slows progression of Alzheimers
Helps with PTSD
Reduces Nausea
Pain reliever
Decrease anxiety
Control Epileptic Episodes
Negative
Lower cellular activity
Interferes with neurotransmitters
Respiratory Issues
Brain Abnormalities
Decline in IQ up to 6
Coordination problems
Slower reaction time
Paranoia
Short term memory loss
