Linguistic Intro

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WHAT IS LINGUISTICS?

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Linguistics

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Subsystems of Language

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Subsystems of Language

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Helps to figure out the past of the language

Clauses structure

Common patterns among different languages

Morphemes

Intonation

Tone

Rhythm

Contrastive

Producing and recording

Using of vocal Track

Sound movement

Linguistic Intro

Definition

The scientific study of language

Words arranged

What is language?

Human communication system

Sounds to express feelings

Language changing

Sounds using

Branches

Discourse Analysis

Study the different types to use a language according the context

"Hey, what's up?" is a discourse between friends

"Sexiest man alive!" is a sentence for a magazine

Morphology

Study formation of the words

Free morpheme "Sport-" and bound morpheme "-ive" in "Sportive"

Prefixes as "un-" in "Uncomfortable"

Phonology

Study of the use of sounds

Example

"Rice" and "Rise" the /aI/ is pronounced /ʌI/ before voiceless consonant

"Toted" the first t is pronounced with a puff of air but the second is not

Sociolinguistics

Study how, depending the society, the language is used

"Spanglish" (the mix between English and Spanish), it is used in cultures where both languages are used commonly like Mexico

"Yins" (you in the plural), it is used in some parts of USA

Phonetics

Study of the sounds of speech

/ʌ/ in "Cup, Luck"

/i:/ in "See, Heat"

Syntax

Study the grammar of a language

"She draws beautifully", flowing the structure Sub-Verb-Adverb

"He resisted asking for help", "resist" following by a gereund

Semantics

Study the meaning of the words

The meaning of "Nail" depends on the sentence

"My heart was stolen" means to fall in love

Pragmatics

Study the meaning of the language by the context

Between friends, say "Go to the restaurant", they will know which restaurant is

If someone asks "Please, close the window", it could be interpreted as the person is freezing or too noising outside

Historical Linguistics

Study the changing of a language over time

Examples

Namen to Names Eyen to eyes

Lambru to Lambs Eggru to Eggs