Chapter 2 - Anatomical Bases of Human Motion

Anatomical References Planes

Planes

Two dimensional surface with an orientation

Cardial Planes

Three imaginary perpendicular reference planes that divide body into half

Reference Planes

Sagittal

Foward and backward movements occur

Frontal

lateral movement occur

Tranverse

rotational movement occur

References Axes

Mediolateral Axis

imaginary line around which SAGITTAL plane rotations occur

Anteroposterior Axis

imaginary line around which FRONTAL plane rotations occur

Longitudinal Axis

imaginary line around which TRANVERSE plane rotations occur

Spatial Reference Systems

standardizing descriptions of human motions

Cartaesian Coordination Systems

Human body joints label as (X) and (Y)

Anatomical References Position

Facing foward on standing position

Considered all segments of body movement.

Directional Terms

Superior / Inferior

HEAD

Anterior / Posterior

BODY

Medial / Lateral

MIDLINE BODY

Proximal / DIstal

TRUNK

Superficial / Deep

SURFACE OF BODY

Movement Occur

Sagittal

Flexion

Extension

Hyperextension

Dorsiflexion

Planta flexion

Frontal

Abduction / Adduction

Leg to inside / outside

Lateral flexion ( Right / Left )

Upper body

Radial Deviation ( to left ) / Ulnar Deviation ( to left )

Wrist

Elevation ( up ) / Depression ( down )

Shoulder

Eversion / Inversion

Foot print inside / outside

Tranverse

Medial / Lateral ( Rotation)

Pronation / Supination

Horizontal Abduction / Horizontal Adduction

Qualiative Analysis

Visual observation is the most commonly used approach.

Prerequisite Knowledge

Planning

PerformerAttire

Lighting Conditions

Background

Conducting The Analysis