Drugs Concept Map
Cannabis
Effects
Negative
Short term memory loss
Paranoia
Slower reaction time
Coordination problems
Decline in IQ up to 6
Brain Abnormalities
Respiratory Issues
Interferes with neurotransmitters
Lower cellular activity
Positive
Control Epileptic Episodes
Decrease anxiety
Pain reliever
Reduces Nausea
Helps with PTSD
Slows progression of Alzheimers
Regulation
Legal recreation use at 21 in Oregon, Nevada, California, Hawaii, Colorado, Michigan, Illinois, Maine, Vermont, Massachusetts
1 ounce carrying limit
Can only smoke at home and at private property
Common Forms
Smoked
Pipes
Cigarettes/Cigars
Bongs
Hash
Concetrated: Oil, Wax, and shatter
Edibles
Cookies
Honey
Gummies
Topicals
Creams
Balms
Sprays
Classifitcation
Stimulant
Depressant
Hallucinogen
Street names
Pot
Reefer
Weed
Grass
Dope
Ganja
Mary Jane
Herb
Skunk
Chronic
Boom
Blunt
How it affects organs/systems
Effects brain receptors in the brain
THC binding
Boosts dopamine release
Impaired judgement
Memory Problems
Increase/decrease symptoms of depression and anxiety
Pain relief
Red Eyes
Respiratory system
Irritate bronchial passages
Respiratory illnesses
Increase risk of lung cancer
Circulatory system
Increase heartbeat by 20-50 beats
Central Nervous System
Ease pain and inflammation
Control spasms and seizures
Digestive system
Increase appetite
Make nauseous or ease symptoms of nausea
Immune system
Weakened
Alcohol
Street Names
Booze
Brew
Chug
Cold one
Goof
Juice
Jack
Subtopic
Poison
Sauce
Shine
Classification
Depressant
Common Forms
Beer
Wine
Hard cider
Mead
Sake
Gin
Brandy
Whiskey
Rum
Tequila
Vodka
Absinthe
Everclear
Concerns
Short term
Lowered inhibitions
Trouble Concentrating
Loss of cordination
Loss of critical judgement
Dulled perception
Mood Swings
Reduced core body temperature
Raised blood pressure
Passing out
Vomiting
Long term
Diminished grey and white matter of brain
Memory Loss
Loss of attention span
Trouble learning
Alcoholic Hepatitis
Liver fibrosis
Steatosis
Many type of cancers
High blood pressure
Cardiomyopathy
Stroke
Irregular heartbeat
Regulation
Alcohol laws permit adults (18+) to work as an alcohol server, as a bartender, or as a cashier in a store that sells alcohol.
Persons of any age under 21 may drink in a residence
○ parent or guardian must be present
○ parent or guardian must give the beverage to them
Illegal for those under 21 to buy alcohol or try to buy it.
It is illegal for those under 21 to drive with any measurable alcohol in their
bodies
How it affects organs/systems
Digestive and endocrine glands
Pancreatis
Inflammatory damage
Chronic liver inflammation/disease
Sugar levels
Hypoglycemia
Hyperglycemia
Central nervous system
Slurred speech
Numbness
Frontal Lobe damage
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
Circulatory system
High blood pressure
Irregular heartbeat
Difficulty pumping blood
Stroke
Heart attack
Heart disease
Heart failure
Sexual reproductive health
Erectile dysfunction
FASD
Women: Infertility
Skeletal and muscle systems
Weakens immune system
Many cancer possibilities
Tubercolosis
Tobacco
Street names
Smokes
Cigs
Butts
Chew
Dip
Spit
Snuff
Shisha
Cigars
Pipes
Cancer Stick
Stogs
Ciggies
Snouts
Common forms
Cigarretes
Cigars
E-Cigarettes
Vape
Juul
Puff bars
E-Hookah
Birdis/Kreteks
Chew
Classification
Stimulant
Depressant
Oregon Regulation
Must be of 21 years of age to purchase and use tobacco products
If in possession of tobacco products for those under the age of 21 could get in trouble with the law
Colleges around have made it so its not allowed to smoke in school grounds
How it works
Reward circuits are activated, soon afterwards dopamine is then released reinforcing behavior
When entering the blood system nicotine stimulates the adrenal glands to releas epinephrine
Epinephrine stimulates nervous system increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing
Concerns
Short-term
Addiction to nicotine
Bronchitis / Asthma
Chronic Cough
Bad breathe & Taste
Yellow/brown stains on teeth
Receding gums
Tooth decay
Sores, lumps Patches
Long-term
Weakens body immune system & makes it harder to kill cancer cells
Poison in tobacco can damage or change a cells DNA
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder
Early stages: Nagging cough, shortness of breath, tightness in chest
Later stages: blue or gray lips/fingernails, mental alertness wears down, very fast heartbeat, weight loss
Cardiovascular disease
Lower cholesterol
Raise fat cells in blood
Buildup of plaque in blood vessels
Damage that line blood cells
Thicken & narrow blood vessels
Caffeine
Street names
Joe
Dirt
Mud
Jave
Brew
Cuppa
Go juice
Subtopic
Jitter juice
Bean juice
Brain juice
Common forms
Coffe
Cold brews
Teas
Soda
Energy drink
Pain relievers
Classification
Stimulatnt
Regulation
It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug. Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world.
The FDA's official stance is that caffeine is safe for consumers up to 400mg/ daily.
Concerns
Long term
Dependance
Cardiovascular disease
when too much caffeine is consumed a day, then serious problems such as arrhythmia and heart attacks can occur.
Raise blood pressure
Esophegeal cancer
Bladder or pancreatic cancer
Short term
Insomnia
Restlesness
Increased heart rate and respiratory rate
Starts a dependance habit
Withdrawal
Headaches
Fatigue
Anxiety
Depressed
Irritable
Depressed
Low energy
How it works
Caffeine wakes you up by fooling adenosine receptors. ... As adenosine is created in the brain, it binds to adenosine receptors.
This binding causes drowsiness by slowing down nerve cell activity. Caffeine ends up blocking these A1 receptors, repelling this drowsiness feeling.
In the brain, this also causes blood vessels to dilate, most likely to let more oxygen into that organ during sleep.
Inhalants
Classification
Depressants
Asphyxiate gasses
Street names
Air blast
Bold
Chroming
Discorama
Glad
Hippie
Crack
Moon gas
OZ
Poor man's pot
Rush
Snappers
Whippets
Whiteout
Common forms
Aerosoles
Spray paint
Air Freshener
Deodorant
Hair spray
Butane
Freon
Helium
Whipped cream
Nitrites
Solvents
Correction fluid
Fast drying glue
Gasoline
Paint thinner
Nail polish remover
Oregon Regulation
It is unlawful for someone who possesses inhalants to use them for intoxication.
A person may not use an inhalant to intoxicate another person.
If a juvenile court finds a child abusing inhalants, they may order treatment and/or counseling resources.
People who violate these laws are committing a Class C violation.
Subtopic
How it works
Inhalants are nervous system depressants. This means they slow down the workings of the brain
When inhaled, the fumes enter the bloodstream very quickly and the effects are felt after just a few seconds.
Inhalants are chemical vapors that are breathed in on purpose to get high.
Nitrites, in contrast, dilate and relax blood vessels rather than act as anesthetic agents.
Many brain systems may be involved in the anesthetic, intoxicating, and reinforcing effects of different inhalants.
Concerns
Short-term
Emotional changes, such as aggression, belligerence, apathy, depression, or irritability
Delirium
Impaired judgment or function in social groups
Lethargy
Muscle weakness
Stupor
Long-Term
Vision or hearing loss
Heart problems including fluid buildup, heart rhythm changes, or irregular heartbeat
Brain damage
Kidney or liver damage and failure
Oxygen depletion, and inability to reabsorb oxygen
Bone marrow damage
Meth
Classification
Powerful stimulant
Street names
Crank
Tweek
Uppers
Christina
Chalk
Tina
Go fast
Cookies
Cookies
Cotton candy
Dunk
Gak
Rocket fuel
Common forms
Desoxyn: used to treat ADHD
Ice: crystallized smokeable chunk of meth
Crystal: refers to any form (chunks or fine or coarse powder) can be off-white to yellow in color
Crank
Regulation
Methamphetamine in the United States is regulated under Schedule II of the Controlled Substances Act. It is approved for pharmacological use in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and treatment-resistant obesity, but it is primarily used as a recreational drug.
Under a new law in Oregon, many people arrested with small amounts of illegal drugs will no longer be subject to felony charges
It is unlawful for any person knowingly or intentionally to possess methamphetamine unless the substance was obtained directly from, or pursuant to, a valid prescription or order of a practitioner while acting in the course of professional practice, or except as otherwise authorized
How it works
Methamphetamine creates more of the chemical dopamine in your brain.
Dopamine is involved in body movement, motivation, and reinforcement of rewarding behaviors.
These large amounts of dopamine can change the way the brain works and can lead you to look for the drug again and again.
The drug’s ability to rapidly release high levels of dopamine in reward areas of the brain strongly reinforces drug-taking behavior, making the user want to repeat the experience.
Concerns
Long-term
Extreme weight loss
Addiction
Anxiety
Severe dental problems
Changes in brain function
Memory loss
Violent behavior
Short-term
Faster Breahing
Decreased appetite
Increased blood pressure
Increased attention
Euphoric rush
Hyperthermia
Main topic
Psychedelics
Common Forms
Psilocybin mushrooms
Acid
Peyote
GHB
Serotenergic
DMT
LSD
Mescaline
Empathogens
MDMA
Dissociatives
PCP
Ketamine
DXM
Salvia
Street names
Acid
Dots
Tabs
Heavenly blue
Boomers
Caps
Shrooms
Silly putty
Mushies
Molly
E
Lovers speed
Clarity
Lucy in the sky with diamonds
Classification
Hallucinogens
dissociative
Concerns
Short-term
drastic changes in
sensory
distort reality
release of serotonin in the brain = euphoria, love,
increased awareness
Visual hallucinations
-cause the user to feel:
Disconnected to world, their
surroundings, and their own
body
-mild changes in perception
-audible hallucinations
Long-term
-withdrawal syndrome
-headaches
-sweating
-memory loss
-speech difficulties
HPPD
(Hallucinogen persisting perception
disorder)
-hallucinations
-visual disturbances
-neurological dis
Persistent psychosis
-visual disturbances
-disorganized thinking
-paranoia
-mood disturbances
anxiety
-depression
suicidal thoughts
-social withdrawal
-substance use disorder
How it works
LSD, Psilocybin, Mescaline, and DMT all share similar properties to serotonin; a neurotransmitter in the brain,
when the drugs enter your bloodstream, the serotonin passageways get blocked off so the brain can uptake more of the substance ingested , thus creating a high
Once drugs are ingested, after some time senses of euphoria, distortion, color changes, and hallucinations can set in
Within these trials, you need to have the specific intentions going into it. Your brain needs to be in the right space and that’s why not everyone should take it.
Regulation
Psychedelics currently live in Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act, which is reserved for drugs with high abuse potential; no accepted medical use; and lack of safety even under medical supervision.
Their safety and efficacy exist only within highly structured specialized treatment settings
The federal penalty for the first offense of LSD possession is a maximum of one year in prison or a minimum fine of $1,000
Opioids
Common forms
Codeine
Methadone
Hydrocodone
Morphine
Oxycodone
Hydromorphone
Fentanyl
Heroin
Street names
Barbs
Phennies
Birds
Reds
Blues
Yellows
Tooies
Yellow jackets
Christmas trees
Goof balls
Pinke
Red Devils
Block busters
Classification
Semi-synthetic
Pain relievers
How it works
pioid drugs bind to opioid receptors in the brain, spinal cord, and other areas of the body. They reduce the sending of pain messages to the brain and curb feelings of pain.
Opiates work by binding to specific receptors in the brain, thus mimicking the effects of pain-relieving chemicals that are produced naturally.
the limbic system, which controls emotions. Here, opioids can create feelings of pleasure, relaxation, and contentment.
the brainstem, which controls things your body does automatically, like breathing. Here, opioids can slow breathing, stop coughing, and reduce feelings of pain.
the spinal cord, which receives sensations from the body before sending them to the brain. Here too, opioids decrease feelings of pain, even after serious injurie
Concerns
Short-Term
Drowsiness
Slowed breathing
Constipation
Unconsciousness
Nausea
Coma
Long-Term
Liver and/or kidney disease or failure.
Lowered immunity
Subtopic
Cardiovascular issues.
Impaired mental function.
Collapse of the respiratory system.
Death resulting from toxicity or overdose.
Confusion
Paranoia and increases in fear
Feelings of low self-esteem
Rage and hostility
Behavior extremes
Frequent mood swings
Regulation
Federal and state policy governing opioids is discussed in relation to achieving balance between efforts to control drug abuse and maintain drug availability for legitimate medical purposes.
Federal controlled substances law affirms the essential medical value of many drugs that are controlled substances, and states that opioids may be used for extended periods in treatment of patients with intractable pain.
Providing opioids to addicts is otherwise unlawful unless the physician is separately registered to treat addiction. State laws, while they permit prescribing of opioids for pain, do not provide affirmative recognition of the medical value of controlled substances.
In addition, some states require physicians to report opioid-dependent patients to the government, regulate prescribing of Schedule II opioids more strictly, and limit the quantity of controlled substances that may be prescribed at one time.