M/O in 'liquid'

Gases

O2

CO2

N2,H2,CH4

Light

photoic zone

Nutrient cycling

phytoplankton (including picoplankton)

glaciers & permanent frozen lakes

polar ice caps = Antartica, Artic

chemosynthetic community

Stream & rivers

lotic

lentic

Nutrients

in-stream production (autochthonous)

out-stream sources (allochthonous)

Ability process organic matter limited

Eutrophic

point sources of pollution

non-point sources of pollution

Diurnal oxygen shifts

M/O in lakes

Nutrient status

oligotrophic

eutrophic

Deep lakes

littoral zone

pelagic zone

Temperature

Epilimnion

Thermocline

Hypolimnion

estuaries & salt marshes

salt marshes model

Winogradsky columns

M/O in open ocean

Oligotrophic environment

Cyanobacteria for fixing nitrogen

Proteorhodopsin will supply ATP

Aquatic viruses

Virioplankton

M/O in benthic marine environment

benthos = seafloor + thermal vents